Lecture 15 - Case Studies Flashcards
What can you assume if damage causes sensory or motor changes on both sides of body?
Damage has to be to CNS
Dermatome of umbilicus?
T10
If we know the level of damage of a spinal cord nerve, how do we know in between which vertebrae the damage occurred? Why?
2 to 3 less than the nerve number because the spinal cord stops elongating during development before the vertebral column does AND because of curvature
Can position sense be tested for on the trunk?
NOPE
Why is hyperexflexia seen with UMN damage?
Because afferent nerve fibers will sprout to fill synapses vacated by degenerating UMN fibers
Why is the Babinski sign lost during infancy?
Myelination of the lateral corticospinal tract
How could a Babinski sign re-appear in adulthood?
Loss of lateral corticospinal tract
Why is recovery due to NS damage so poor in adults?
Because adults’ NS has very limited capacity for regrowth of damaged pathways due to inhibitory molecules such as Nogo-A
What can a large lesion of the left internal capsule of the brain result in?
Paralysis of the right lower face, arm, and leg
What is the internal capsule in the brain mad of?
- Geniculate fibers
2. Corticobulbar tract
What input do muscles of the upper face receive?
Bilateral corticobulbar innervation
What input do muscles of the lower face receive?
Contralateral corticobulbar innervation
What is dysarthria? Eg?
Faulty speech because of difficulty performing movements needed for speech
Eg: damage to corticobulbar tract
What is aphasia?
Faulty speech
What can disconnect the somatosensory thalamus from the sensory cortex?
Interruption of the internal capsule
