Lecture 16 Flashcards
Purposes for wolf communication
- Announce territory
- Keep other packs away
- Communicate to pack members
T/F: black bears kill wolf pups, and wolves kill bears
True
When do wolves usually hunt beavers?
In the fall; beavers are cutting down trees or looking for food
What conditions are hemlocks best suited to grow in?
Cool temperatures; found on the north side of hills in Algonquin
What trees/plants surround peatlands in Algonquin (6)?
- Tamarack, conifers
- labrador tea
- leatherleaf
- round-leaved sundew
- pitcher plant
T/F: eastern wolves use peatlands in Algonquin as rendezvous sites
True
Name two places in Algonquin Park that lie on sedimentary rock, and a plant that can grow there.
- Fault Line, Brent Crater
- Bunchberry
Why can northern habitats form in Algonquin?
Elevation
Name some boreal species that reach their southern range limits in Algonquin Park (5)
- Black-backed woodpecker
- Boreal chickadee
- Canada Jay
- Great Gray Owl
- Marten
Why are there more beavers on the east side of Algonquin?
- More flowing water
- More food (birch, poplar)
What do lakes and beaver ponds have in common? How are they different?
- Both are lentic water systems
- Lakes are much deeper
Why can bays support species like water lilies and bullfrogs?
- Shallow
- Sheltered from wind, waves
What is lake stratification?
The separation of lakes into 3 layers based on temperature
What are the 3 layers of lakes (re: stratification) from surface to bottom?
- Epilimnion
- Thermocline
- Hypolimnion
Temperature of lake water in the winter
- Mostly 4C, but 0C at the surface
- warmer water is denser and sinks
- no stratification
Spring turnover
- Surface of lake warms to 4C
- Wind-created currents cause turnover
- nutrients brought to surface
- oxygen brought to bottom
Fall turnover
Reversal of spring turnover
Species found by lake shores
- Speckled alder
- Spotted sandpiper (along rocky shorelines)
- Minks (hunting)
T/F: The Georgian Bay is a UNESCO-designated Biosphere Reserve
True
Georgian Bay is the world’s largest ________ _______, with many _______.
It has 347k hectares of _________ ecosystem
- World’s largest freshwater archipelago - many islands
- 347k hectares of shoreline ecosystem
Animals found near Georgian Bay (4)
- Eastern foxsnake (1 of 2 populations in ON)
- Massasauga (mostly gone in SW ON)
- Hog-nosed snake (endangered in Carolinian)
- Five-lined skink (endangered in Carolinian)
Frontenac Axis characteristics
- On Canadian Shield
- Includes Thousand Islands National Park
- Spans Gananoque to Brockville
T/F: The Frontenac Axis is a UNESCO-designated Biosphere Reserve
True
Name two ferns found in the Frontenac Axis:
- Rock polyplody
- Marginal shield fern
