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BIOL 2903 > Lecture 22 > Flashcards

Lecture 22 Flashcards

1
Q

What do Spiny Softshells eat? How are they adapted to do so?

A

Crayfish; helped by sharp-edged/pointed mouth

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2
Q

These 3 reptiles are found throughout ON, but are at-risk in the Carolinian:

A
  • Eastern foxsnake (endangered)
  • Five-lined skink (endangered)
  • Hognose Snake (threatened)
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3
Q

Between mammals and birds, which is more affected by the lack of connectivity between forest fragments?

A

Mammals

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4
Q

Name a southern species that hits its northern range limits in the Carolinian (hint: it’s a bird).

A

Hooded Warbler

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5
Q

T/F: More Carolinian species are confined to it than for any other forest region

A

True

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6
Q

Tallgrass Prairie

A
  • Rare/endangered Carolinian habitat

- Lacks trees

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7
Q

Where can tallgrass prairies be found in the Carolinian (2)?

A
  • Walpole Island

- Ojibway Prairie

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8
Q

Tallgrass Prairie Species (4)

A
  • Prairie Cord Grass
  • Big Bluestern
  • Indian Grass
  • Stiff-leaved Goldenrod
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9
Q

How do fires maintain prairie habitats?

A
  • Keep vegetation down

- Prevents succession (i.e. forest doesn’t form)

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10
Q

This habitat is found on Walpole Island and contains puccoon, small white lady’s slipper, eastern prairie-fringed orchid, and great plains ladies-tresses.

A

Oak Savanna

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11
Q

When/how did prairie habitats arrive in ON?

A
  • 5-7k years ago, during the Hypsithermal
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12
Q

How much prairie habitat is left in ON today? Why has it decreased so much?

A
  • 175 hecatres

- Agriculture

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13
Q

This provincial park, located on Lake Huron, contains prairie habitat:

A

Pinery Prov. Park

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14
Q

This endangered beetle is an indicator for Pinery Prov. Park:

A

Northern Pines-barren Tiger Beetle

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15
Q

How is the Oak Savanna in Pinery maintained?

A

Controlled burns; reduce ground cover and eliminate non-native species

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16
Q

How has Pinery Prov. Park been affected by Lake Huron?

A
  • Moderated climate
  • Winds from west deposit sand
  • Coastal sand dunes indicate former shoreline
  • Rocks eroded by water
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17
Q

Puccoon is a prairie plant. How is it adapted to dry conditions?

A
  • Hairs trap moisture around the plant

- Long taproot extends up to 2m underground to reach water/moisture

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18
Q

T/F: Hognose snakes reach their northern range limit in Pinery Prov. Park

A

True

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19
Q

Inland sand dunes in Pinery Prov. Park are colonized by this grass:

A

American Beach Grass

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20
Q

This feature of Lake Erie’s shoreline “move,” forming “ridge and trough” physiography

A

Long sand spits/points

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21
Q

Woodland sloughs

A

Troughs filled with water

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22
Q

How do woodland sloughs differ from ephemeral ponds?

A

Woodland sloughs aren’t temporary

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23
Q

3 major sand spits along Lake Erie:

A
  • Long Point
  • Rondeau Prov. Park
  • Point Pelee
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24
Q

Long Point is the _____ longest freshwater peninsula is the world, at 40km long

25
Why are there sand beaches on the west side of Long Point?
- Movement of water | - Winds
26
The Long Point Bird Observatory is dedicated to the study of birds in the area. Where are its two banding stations?
- Old Cut | - Tip
27
The Long Point Bird Observatory founded this organization, whose headquarters are located on Long Point:
Bird Studies Canada
28
These animals are found on Long Point (hint: one eats the other):
- Hognose snake | - Fowler's toad
29
Name two Important Bird Areas (IBAs) in ON:
- Long Point | - James Bay
30
T/F: Long Point is not a UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve
False
31
T/F: IBAs are protected areas
F: govt intervention is actually required for protection
32
This organism in Long Point Prov. Park can transmit Lyme Disease:
Black-legged tick
33
Why are ticks spreading northwards?
Climate change
34
This animal is a host for Black-legged Ticks:
Deer
35
Ticks use this sensory organ to detect heat/CO2 and find hosts
Haller's Organ
36
T/F: When a tick feeds on a person, the transfer of bacteria is immediate
F: occurs in the backwash stage, where the tick is filled w/blood and bacteria flows into the host from its gut
37
Trees in Rondeau Prov. Park
- southern deciduous trees - white pine - tulip-trees
38
Name one bird that can be found in Rondeau (hint: nests in GLSL shrub layer)
Wood thrush
39
How did woodland sloughs form in Rondeau?
Troughs formed between former beachlines - inland strings of water
40
This endangered cavity-adopter is associated with woodland sloughs:
Prothonotary Warbler
41
How do meadow voles benefit from woodland sloughs?
They get plants from the water and bring them back to burrows
42
T/F: Point Pelee has the longest growing season in Canada
True
43
Why has the sand spit at the end of Point Pelee National Park been eroded?
wave action; piers built in Lake Erie changed water flow + direction of waves
44
Why are the large sand beaches in Point Pelee conducive to shorebird migration?
Lots of fish in the water (i.e. food)
45
What is the dominant tree in Point Pelee?
Hackberry
46
What is unique about poison ivy in Point Pelee?
It grows as a vine in Point Pelee, instead of as a small plant
47
Name a southern plant found along Point Pelee's trails.
Redbud
48
What makes Point Pelee have good growing conditions for southern plants?
- Lots of moisture/it's humid | - Warm climate
49
Gray squirrels can be found in Point Pelee. What two colours do they come in?
Gray, black
50
T/F: the Eastern Screech-Owl (the most common one in the Carolinian) is also found throughout the GLSL.
F: not found on the Canadian Shield portion
51
How do woodland sloughs "move?"
One side of a ridge is eroded while the other is built up
52
Name two animals that live in sloughs in Point Pelee.
- Wood Duck | - Turtles
53
Point Pelee is 6 square miles in size, with 2/3rds of it being taken up by a ______ _____
cattail marsh
54
Why is the marsh in Point Pelee burned sometimes?
Some species in the marsh (e.g. Swamp Rose Mallow) grow better at the edges of a mat rather than in the middle of a thick one
55
Why are Eastern Moles rarely seen in Point Pelee?
They're usually underground
56
Southern bird species in Point Pelee (4):
- Carolina Wren - White-eyed Vireo - Yellow-breasted Chat - Prothonotary Warbler
57
T/F: Point Pelee is an IBA
True
58
Why may trees in Point Pelee not have leaves in May?
Lake effect from Lake Erie delays their growth
59
Why do so many birds stop in Point Pelee while migrating northwards?
It's the first land available after flying over Lake Erie

BIOL 2903 (24 decks)

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