Lecture 17 Gut Flashcards
(61 cards)
1
Q
What gives rise to the CNS?
A
- Neural tube
2
Q
What gives rise to the nucleous palposa?
A
- noto cord
3
Q
septum transversum
A
- becomes the heart
4
Q
Allantois
A
- duct that is important in embryonic respiration in embryos that develop in shells (birds)
5
Q
Foregut gives rise to
A
- esophagus
- stomach
- gives rise to half of Duodenum (first part of small intestine )
6
Q
Foregut/midgut transition
A
- duodenum is identical on both sides but blood supply is different
- arteries supplying duodenum changes at this point
7
Q
Foregut derived organs
A
- pancreas
- gall bladder
- Liver
8
Q
Spleen
A
- is not derived from foregut
- comes from mesoderm
- Lymphoid organ not digestive
9
Q
Midgut gives rise to
A
- 2nd half of duodenum
- jejunum
- illeum
- cecum (L)
- appendix (L)
- asc. colon (L)
- 1st 2/3of transvere colon (L)
10
Q
Midgut/hindgut transition
A
- not a boundary in major parts of GI tract
- transition measured by nerve and blood supply
11
Q
Hindgut
A
- shortest and simplest part of gut tube
- last 1/3 of transverse colon
- descending colon
- sigmoid colon
- rectum
12
Q
Accessory organs
A
- only connected to foregut
13
Q
What are foregut derivaties supplied by?
A
- branches of the celiac artery
14
Q
What are midgut derivatives are supplied by branches of the?
A
- superior mesenteric artery
- largest
15
Q
Hindgut derivatives are supplied by branches of the ?
A
- inferior mesenteric artery
- smallest and simplest
16
Q
Gut derivatives sensory innervation
A
- no somatic (internal organs)
- visceral motor
- visceral sensory
17
Q
Sympathetic innervation
A
- reached by long splanchnic nerves
- T1-L2
18
Q
Where are the sympathetic preganglionic cell bodies of the foregut
A
- T5-T9
- greater splanchnic nerve
- ## celiac (same as artery) (size of quarter)
19
Q
What is the sympathetic splanchnic nerve that innervates the foregut?
A
- greater splanchnic nerve
20
Q
What is the sympathetic prevertebral ganglion that innervates the foregut?
A
- celiac
- large (same size as quarter)
21
Q
Sympathetic Postganglionic axons of the foregut follow
A
- celiac artery
- massive bundle
22
Q
The sympathetic preganglionic cell bodies of the midgut are?
A
- T9-T12
23
Q
What are the sympathetic splanchnic nerves that innervate the midgut?
A
- Lesser/least splanchnic nerves
24
Q
What are the sympathetic prevertebral ganglion of the midgut?
A
- superior mesenteric/intermesenteric
- large ganglia close to celiac
25
Sympathetic Post ganglionic axons of the midgut follow?
- superior mesenteric artery
26
Hindgut sympathetic preganglionic cell bodies
T12- L2
27
sympathetic Splanchnic nerves of the hindgut?
- least splanchnic / lumbar splanchnic nerve
28
What is the sympathetic prevertebral ganglion of the hingut?
- inferior mesenteric/ intermesenteric
29
Sympathetic Post ganglionic axons of the hindgut follow?
- inferior mesenteric artery
30
Lumbar splanchnic nerves
- travel down the sympathetic trunk that leave through prevetebral ganglion
31
Do the foregut and midgut have the same parasympathetic nerve supply?
Yes
32
Foregut and midgut parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies?
- brainstem
33
What is the nerve that innervates parasympathetic foregut/midgut?
- vagus nerve (CN X)
34
Where are the parasympathetic ganglia located in the foregut and midgut?
-organ walls
35
Where are the parasympathetic preganglionic cell bodies for the hindgut?
- S2-S4
36
What are the parasympathetic
| nerves that innervate the hindgut?
- pelvic splanchnic nerves
37
Location of parpasympathetic ganglia in hindgut?
- organ walls
38
Every vagus nerve we can see without destroying the organs is preganglionic? T/F
T
39
Partietal paritenum
- provides a frictionless environment for organs to move around in
- deepest part of the body wall
- pain that comes from this is somatic pain
- intercostal nerves supply the entire abdominal wall (even this deep)
40
Visceral peritoneum
- coats the organs
41
Mesentery
- double layer peritoneum that act as bridges
42
Mesentery
- double layer peritoneum that act as bridges
- anchor internal organs to posterior abdominal wall
- provide passage way for vessels
43
peritoneal cavity
- contains thin watery slippery fluid
| - between parietal and visceral peritoneum
44
Falciform ligament
- connects liver and diaphragm
45
Greater omentum
- connects
46
Which direction does the gut tube move during embryonic development?
- ventral
| - stretches parietal peritoneum ventrally (doesnt puncture it)
47
Dorsal mesentery
- only in embryo
- double layer sheet/curtain that stretches from diaphragm to pelvis
- bridge to posterior abdominal wall
- passageway for arteries, lymphatics, veins, and nerves
48
Retroperitoneal organs
- behind peritoneal cavity
| - gut tube is no longer retro. once is travels to abdominal cavity ( it is now messenteric)
49
Where is the gut tube in embryo?
- post. abdominal wall
50
Some parts of gut travel back to abdominal wall and become retroperitoneal
- secondarily retroperitoneal organs
51
No peritoneum on organs touching wall (secondary retroperitoneal organs)
-part of liver to diaphragm
- direct contact and no intervening peritoneum
(colon gets embedded)
52
All of the digestive system is derived from gut tube
True
53
Mesenteric organs/visceral periteneum tend to go together
true
54
Initially all of the gut is mesenteric and all organs are covered with visceral peritoneum
true
55
Is a mesentery visceral or parietal?
- neither it is a bridge between the two
56
General rule of thumb with mesenteric organs
- organs with mesenteries also have visceral peritoneum
57
Do organs that are retroperitoneal have mesenteries?
- no
58
Vessels and nerves that supply mesenteric organs are also mesenteric
- true
59
Vessels and nerves that supply retroperitoneal organs are also retroperitoneal
true
60
Parts of the digestive system that are retroperitoneal are primarily so? T/F
- no they are secondarily retroperitoneal
61
Primary retroperitoneal organs
- belong to some organ system other than digestive and never have mesenteries at any point
