Lecture 18: Prevention Part 1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the goal of primary prevention? [1]
To stop problems before they even start
Think of it like teaching kids not to bully before they ever start.
What are [3] examples of primary prevention?
- Education and training
- Community projects
- Changing rules/systems.
Teaching about respect in schools, creating more parks in neighborhood
What is secondary prevention? [1]
It’s helping people who are at risk of being hurt or hurting others, or stopping bad behaviors from happening again or getting worse.
Helping someone who is showing early signs of getting into trouble.
What is tertiary prevention? [1]
It’s giving long-term support to people who have already been hurt and helping people who have done bad things so they don’t do them again.
Includes therapy and rehab programs.
Why do people focus more on secondary and tertiary prevention? [3]
- People want to see quick solutions
- They fit better with how the justice system works
- Some people think crime is just about individual choices, not bigger societal problems.
Why is primary prevention less common? [2]
- It takes longer to see results
- It requires changing big things like poverty and education.
People want fast fixes, not slow change.
Why should we focus more on primary prevention? [3]
- It stops harm before it happens
- It helps with inequality and poverty which can lead to crime
- It can be cheaper in the long run.
Preventing a problem is often better than having to fix it later.
What helps people support prevention programs? [2]
- If they understand the causes of problems
- If they believe prevention works
What is social norms theory? [1]
It’s the idea that people do what they think most people believe and do, even if they are wrong about what others actually think.
Primary Prevention - What is pluralistic ignorance? [1]
The majority falsely believes themselves to be the minority.
Primary Prevention - What is false consensus? [1]
The minority falsely believes itself to be the majority.
What helped men step in to stop sexual violence? [1]
Thinking their friends cared about consent.
Peer support made a big difference.
How can misunderstandings about what others think affect bystanders? [1]
If people think others don’t care about a problem, they might be less likely to step in and help.
We act when we feel others would as well.
How can misunderstandings about what others think affect people who do bad things? [2]
- People who do bad things might think it’s more normal than it really is, or that others agree with them.
- This can even lead to them doing it more in the future.
If someone thinks “everyone does it,” they might feel like it’s okay.
How can we use social norms to help prevent bad things? [2]
- Correct the “norming of the negative” (making bad things seem normal)
- By showing people the truth about what is normal and what others actually believe is right.
Who should social norms efforts focus on? [2]
- Bystanders
- Possible perpetrators
How do we address the bystander effect? [5 steps]
- Notice a problematic situation
- Recognize the situation as problematic and intervene appropriately
- Take responsibility to address it
- Assess one’s ability to intervene
- Choose to take action
If one step fails, help may not happen.
Why is it important to teach people about social norms early on? [1]
Because if we don’t realize a behavior is wrong or that most people don’t agree with it, we won’t do anything to stop it.
What’s one way to teach accurate social norms in schools? [1]
By doing anonymous surveys and then sharing the real results to show what students actually think is okay or not okay, like with bullying.
What are [4] concerns about bystander effect training?
- Might not always work in real life
- People might still be scared/unsure
- it focuses on individuals instead of the whole community
- it doesn’t always focus on stopping people from doing bad things in the first place.
Just knowing what to do doesn’t always mean people will do it.
Pyramid Diagram [3]
- Primary Prevention: stops problems before they start.
- Secondary Prevention: helps right after issues begin or targets those at risk.
- Tertiary Prevention: long-term help after harm to deal with effects.
Bigger levels = wider impact, earlier action.
Theory of Planned Behaviour Diagram [4]
- People act when they:
- Think it’s a good idea (attitude)
- Feel others support it (social pressure)
- Believe they can do it (control)
- Strong intention leads to real action.
Belief + support + confidence = action.
We’re more likely to act if we plan to.
