Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a 2nd line?

A

was used for funerals but now a lot of celebrations. Musicians walk to or from the funeral playing sad music in honour of the person, would turn happy later on
-common in NOLA

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2
Q

Who is place and the sense of place studied by?

A

been the subject of decades of research by cultural geographers, planner socioligists and others

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3
Q

Who made the term place more solid?

A
  • It remains a vague and contested concepts. in considering place many geographers first turn to the wiritng of Tuan 1977 who explored the oppositional nature of space and place
  • Terms are always contested, often debated because the definition is based on who is presenting it
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4
Q

What is the definition of place?

A

locations in space that derive their meaning through human experience

  • Meaning then is one central and generally agreed upon aspect of place throughout the literature
  • Place is a place when someone gives it meaning
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5
Q

What is included in a place?

A

• Places are complex by nature and include the physical setting, human activities human social processes eh psychological evaluations such as identity dependence and attachment rooted in the setting
○ When you are attached to a place its important to you

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6
Q

How are plans more than a location in space?

A

while the setting itself is a key aspect of place the human connections to that setting and the people withing it transform a space into a place
○ When we go somewhere we get attached and then transforms a space into a place for us

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7
Q

What is a sense of place?

A
  • Human engagement within a place brings together social cultural and natural dimensions of place. The experience of engagement and interaction requires presence (being in) and action (being with), always influenced by physical historical social and cultural aspect that together contribute to creating a shared sense of place
  • Sense of place The tangible physical aspects of a place are critical. Onse sense of palce is by nature developed relative to a specific physical location
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8
Q

What is the definition of sense of place?

A

Describes both an emotional connection to a phsycial environemtn but also the values symbols and cultural meanings ascribed to the place

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9
Q

what are the different categories of non tourism examples of place?

A
Place-based education
Place-based advertising (or media
Place-based philanthropy
Place-based science
Place-based regional development 
Place-based literature
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10
Q

What is place based education?

A

views a student’s local community as a resource for education
• Education isnt abstract, looking at something specific and local
• Instead of looking at a textbook you take students out into the world
• Looking at education from the place you are

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11
Q

What is place based advertising (or media)?

A

is in contrast to mass advertising print or electronic media
• Mostly of interest to those in a certain location, or nation wide or worldwide
• Advertising better in a local media to the target population

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12
Q

What is place based philanthropy?

A

strategically concentrates investments in specific communities
-Donating money to organization that looks at a universal problme (Covid 19), you can look at something that’s more place based, like donating to the brescia library at brescia

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13
Q

What is place based science?

A

involves research tied to specific locations, particularly (but not exclusively)… …collaboration between scientists and resource managers;
• Instead of looking at universal aspects of climate change, we can look at higher levels of flooding of the thames, see ing if its related globally or locally

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14
Q

What is place based regional development?

A

emphasizes the ability of places to develop by drawing on their own resources, whether natural or human;
• Regional advantages of a region like niagara wine region, emphasizing the advantages of the region

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15
Q

What is place based literature?

A

uses a locale as a central determinant of human discourse, culture and identity (Ball, 2006). In particular, it refers to the influence of environment or place on themes that shape a work of literature, whether prose or poetry.

• Setting literature in a local and well known place, taking advantage of locacl settings and connections. Like anne of green gable. Some sites are fictional but many are real. This makes PEI more into a place

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16
Q

What is place in the context of tourism?

A

• Place is an amalgam of destination qualities, including landscape and architecture, history and heritage and social structures and relationships.
-Not just one thing that makes a place

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17
Q

How do perceptions of a place differ for those who are tourist and residents?

A

• The perceptions, perspectives and meanings of the place in question usually will be different for those who visit versus those who are residents.
○ Visiting a place you are going to have a different perspective of that place , are awestruck and come with ideas developed by the media that they have experienced about coming to the place

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18
Q

What are the different views of a place from a tourism vs resident perspective, a function of?

A

…those perspectives are, in part, a function of the time a person has lived in an area or the number of times they have visited.
○ If you moved to a new city, you are in a grey area, kinda are a tourist and don’t know restaurants, shops and attractions.
○ The longer you live in a place the more it changes your expereience
○ The more you visit a place the more you become a local
○ As a space turns into a place you go deeper and deeper into the place, go for a more authentic experience (non-touristy spots) and the deeper the meaning of the pkace intessifies to ou

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19
Q

How will place differ for those in the dominant culture vs the minority culture in a place?

A

There will be differences, too, for a person who belongs to the dominant cultural/ethnic group versus a member of a minority.
As your tour the place you associate with the dominant culture of the place but as you continue to visit you discover the minority culture more

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20
Q

What is culture?

A

‘Culture’ is defined myriad ways by scholars.
The reading tells us that Kroeber and Kluckhohn (1952) collected 166 definitions of the word from English-language sources only. …over 60 years ago!
• Terms we use have different meanings for different people

21
Q

What is the definition of culture?

A

Tourism trips in which appreciation of a place’s culture plays a significant role.
This includes those attractions and activities that are often considered to be ‘cultural’ such as museums, galleries, historic sites, visual and performing arts and festivals. But it is much more…
• Dominant and minority cultures to the place
• Tourism is there is to appreciate the culture of the place

22
Q

What is culture about?

A

…is about encountering a destination’s history and heritage, its narratives and stories, its landscape, its townscape, its people. It is about discovering what makes a destination distinctive, authentic, and memorable.

23
Q

How do people want to go experience a place?

A

• When people of a space make is a place and its celebrated for its culture and tis authentic and distinctive, then they broadcast that sense of place to a larger audience which gets other people interested in the space so they visit for themselves and then it becomes a place to them to expeierence the culture
○ Inspires people to travel to it

24
Q

How is culture about the experience of place?

A

Accordingly, place-based cultural tourism identifies, and then capitalizes on the unique cultural character and sense of place that distinguishes one place from another.
• When we unsterdant what makes a place uniquee, we will understand how it develops a sense of place and how it distinguishes your place from other places, marketting edge to get people to visit that place

25
Q

What are the 2 guiding principals that make a place unique?

A
  1. To embed a destination’s individual cultural experiences in the unique attributes of the destination: its history, heritage, narratives, stories, landscape, townscape, and people;
    • Physicl and uhuman elements come together to make the palce unique
  2. To interpret and market the destination’s cultural character and sense of place in tandem with cultural experiences.
    • Have unique place
26
Q

What are the traditional ways for tourism promotion?

A

Event based tourism

Attraction based tourism

Place based tourism

27
Q

What is even bashed tourism?

A

emphasizes an activity or performance that draws spectators or audiences (plays ,concerts, sports events, etc.) …typically short-term …need not have any logical connection with the place
• Not specifically about the city

28
Q

What is attraction based tourism?

A

focuses on a permanent facility or sightseeing (museums, national parks, cityscapes, etc.) …highlighting some target that motivates people to consume that target.
• Can be more specifically linked to the place, but in the museum it may not connect with the city specifically

29
Q

What is place based tourism?

A

by contrast the emphasis is on the story of the destination.

30
Q

What are the major types of stories that can define a place?

A
History
Architecture and Art
Agriculture and Cuisine
Other industries
Religion
Natural History
Other stories
31
Q

What is the story of history?

A

History of the place or of people associated with it including politics, business and social structures. These may be factually accurate, propaganda, myth or a mix. They may be contemporary or date back thousands of years…
• Being tourist is different from being a local, highlighting the dominant culture or that that has captured the essence of the place
• Playing up the + aspects of the place for the propaganda
• Some places are constantly eveolving and going to visit to experience the now, or can go for historical culture instead of contemporary culture

32
Q

What does the story of history help us understand?

A

These stories help visitors understand the events associated with the place and illuminate the often contested history of the place.

33
Q

What is dark tourism?

A

focused on sites of tragedy or disaster.

ex: Katrina in NOLA

34
Q

How its Katrina an example of dark tourism?

A

Slowly becoming a part of the tourism aspect for the city

Acting as a tourist draw

Done on purpose to show how the city rose up and showcase the dark part of the history become a tourist attraction and have a depeper understanding of what the people have been through

Levees broke and flooded the 9th ward, bus tours can show devistation but also the redevelopement and reb

35
Q

What is the NOLA example of the story of history?

A

The history of this City is complex, multifaceted and multicultural - founded by the French, later under Spanish control, then briefly French again before becoming part of the United States in the Louisiana Purchase. …and of course is still being written.
-Which parts of the history being played uup from the city can be a choice for tourism

36
Q

What is the story of architecture and art?

A

Produced by residents of the location - provides stories about the artist, the art form and the destination. Art and architecture are especially important because they are both tourism attractions as well as a medium for conveying a sense of place and history.
• Art can be a draw n for people and the place can be depicted in the art work
…Art refers not just to the visual arts but also the performing arts.

37
Q

How does NOLA relate to the story or architecture and art?

A

There is a rich and diverse artistic heart to this city. It is of course well connected in our minds to music (especially Jazz), but there is so much more going on here.

The stories told through art reflect the stories of the people of New Orleans - their celebrations (e.g. Mardi Gras), but also their struggles (e.g. slavery, racism, and more recently Katrina).

New Orleans is a cultural heart of the USA, for music, visual art and other performing arts.
• The heart of jazz

38
Q

What is the story or agriculture and cuisine?

A

Includes individual ingredients that are locally sourced (e.g. olive oil in Italy, Jamaican coffee, New Zealand lamb).

…but also culinary tourism – which celebrates complex and diverse cuisines and styles of cooking and is linked to regional and cultural identity.
• Not just the individual ingredenent but the broader cuisine style

39
Q

What does the individual ingredient and culinary tourism give to a place?

A

This all becomes part of the region’s brand

40
Q

How does agriculture and tourism relate to NOLA?

A

The previously complex, multifaceted and multicultural nature of this City is reflected in the food culture – cooking styles that are renowned worldwide (Creole cuisine, Cajun cuisine, soul food, etc.).

Specific foods are also well known and loved (muffuletta sandwiches, po’ boys, Banana’s Foster)

41
Q

What is the story of other industries?

A

These may be an historical or current part of a destination’s story (e.g. South African wines, the Scottish Malt Whisky Trail).

… Traditional, even defunct, industries can provide rich architectural resources for the historical interpretation of a place (e.g. the Distillery District in Toronto).

42
Q

How does other industries relate to NOLA?

A

The nature of the city as one of the most important shipping ports in the country – this is still evident along the waterfront, and cruise ships still dock here (increasingly so).

The name Canal Street celebrates a canal that never came to be, representing a shift in industrial focus.

Mardi Gras floats are locally manufactured in a massive, unique facility.

There are many more examples of course…

43
Q

What is the story of religion?

A

This can be visible in the form of places of worship, or the focus as a place for pilgrimages (e.g. Spain’s Camino de Santiago).

Mosques, temples, shrines and churches can be visually stunning and offer insight into the spiritual as well as the historic roots of a destination; indeed religious buildings are part of the architectural story of a place

44
Q

How does the story of religion relate to NOLA?

A

There are many religions and religious traditions associated with New Orleans, but Mardi Gras is the most well known, and is associated with the Catholic European history of this place.

Louisiana Voodoo is also deeply associated with New Orleans as a set of religious practices rooted in the traditions of the African diaspora. It is connected (in part) to the Creole speaking African American people of Louisiana.

45
Q

What is an interesting fact about Mardi Gras and Ash Wednesday?

A

Is a religious festival, after fat Tuesday (the party) there is ash Wednesday and the tone of the city changes drastically and people can wlak around with ash crossxes on their heads

46
Q

What is the story of natural history?

A

This type of story includes local ecology and geology as well as local flora and fauna (e.g. whale watching) and transitory events (such as icebergs) …

-this can also include what the reading refers to as extraterrestrial phenomena (the example given is the aurora borealis as a part of the tourism experience offered by some communities in Canada’s Northwest Territories).

47
Q

How does the story of natural history relate to NOLA?

A

Just one example in New Orleans is the relationship of the City to the nearby Bayou, both as an economic resource and an environmental necessity…
• Economic Resource because it feeds tourism, and farming of aligators
• Environmental necessity of the place, because the trees are holding the standing water within the bayou and flooding is becoming more of a problem in recent years

48
Q

What is the “other stories”?

A

This type of story includes stories associated with distinctive social institutions or movements within a place…