Lecture 2 - Cells of Immune System

Question 1

Cells in Blood from Most to Least

Answer 1

RBC
Platelets
WBS
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils

Question 2

All blood cells arise from?

Answer 2

Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSF) - bone marrow

Question 3

HSF divides into… & CD marker

Answer 3

Myloid & Lymphoid Common Progenitors

CD34

Question 4

Myloid Lineage Cells

Answer 4

RBC
Platelets
Granulocytes
Mast Cells
Monocytes
Dendritic Cells

Question 5

Lymphoid Lineage Cells

Answer 5

B Cells
T Cells
NK Cells
Dendritic Cells

Question 6

Constitutive Hematopoiesis Driven by?

Answer 6

Cytokines secreted from WITHIN bone marrow from bone marrow stromal cells

• IL3
• IL7
• GM-CSF

Question 7

Inducible Hematopoiesis Driven by?

Answer 7

Cytokines secreted from OUTSIDE bone marrow, mainly from macrophages, dendritic cells, helper t cells

Question 8

CD3
CD4
CD8
CD25

Answer 8

T Cells
Helper T Cells
Cytotoxic T Cells
Active T Cells

Question 9

CD Markers

Answer 9

Cluster of Differentiation

-Surface markers on immune cells

Question 10

Diagnostic CD marker example

Answer 10

CD10 abnormally expressed on b cells in acute lymphoblastic lymphoma

Question 11

CD for target in antibody therapy example

Answer 11

Rituximab is an anti-CD20 antibody used to treat B cell cancers & RA

Question 12

CD markers used to differentiate pop. of cells example

Answer 12

Isolation of CD34 cells for bone marrow transplant

Question 13

Granulocytes CD?

Answer 13

CD 15 (on all 3 granulocytes)

Question 14

Neutropenia

Answer 14

<1,000 PMN/uL

• inc. risk of infection
• caused by: BM toxicity (viral), drugs, autoimmune disease

Question 15

Neutrophilia

Answer 15

>8,000 PMN/uL
-sign of inf.
-see inc. of immature (band) PMN cells
"Left Shift"
-inc. WBC count commonly due to neutrophilia

Question 16

Most common defect in phagocyte killing pathway?

Answer 16

NADPH Oxidase System

• tested using Nitroblue Tetraxolium Dye Reduction Test
• blue = activity

Question 17

Eosinophilia

Answer 17

> 600 cells/uL

• Parasitic inf.
• Allergies/Asthma
• Chronic Inflammations

Question 18

Professional APCs

Answer 18

Monocytes
Macrophages
Dendritic Cells
B Lymphcytes
-Activate T cells

Question 19

Monocyte CDs

Answer 19

CD 14 & CD 16

Question 20

Process of Antigen Presentation

Answer 20

1) Phagocytosis / Endocytosis
2) Digest into peptides
3) Display peptide on surface of APC using MHC
4) T cells recog. peptide on MHC complex

Question 21

B cell CDs

Answer 21

CD19, CD 20, CD21

Question 22

Helper T Cells (CD & FXN)

Answer 22

CD4+

• cytokine production
• regulator of immune response

Question 23

Regulatory T Cells (CD & FXN)

Answer 23

CD4+ & CD25+

• Cytokine production
• Limit immune response / control autoreactivity

Question 24

Cytotoxic T Cells

Answer 24

CD8+

-Kill tumor & infected cells

Question 25

NK Cell CDs

Answer 25

CD16+ | CD56+