Lecture 2 Chemistry Review

Question 1

Mass is defined as

Answer 1

Defined as anything that has mass and occupies space

Question 2

All matter is comprised of ______

Answer 2

Atoms

Question 3

Difference between mass number and atomic number?

Answer 3

Mass is the number of protons and neutrons. The atomic mass is the AVERAGE of each isotope of natural occurring.

Question 4

How do you find the average mass of two isotopes

Answer 4

Add both mass/ 2

Question 5

What is it called in the periodic table going accross (h –> he

Answer 5

Period

Question 6

What is it called in the periodic table going Down ?

Answer 6

Groups

Question 7

Define ion

Answer 7

a molecure with a NET ELECTRICAL CHARGE

Question 8

What is a cation

Answer 8

Positively charged ions

Question 9

What is anion

Answer 9

Negatively Charged ions

Question 10

How are ions formed

Answer 10

By losing or gaining an electron

Question 11

Metals are on the ____side of the periodic table and tend to form ______; Nonmetals are on the _____ and tend to form _________

Answer 11

left; cations – right; anions

Question 12

For ________(trans/non/metals) they tend to form

Answer 12

Multiple ions of different charges.

Question 13

What a hydrate? reversible yes or no?

Answer 13

Compound that absorbs Water in its crystallize form; Reversible.

Question 14

Difference between ionic and molecule

Answer 14

ionic (combination of metal and non-metals)

non-ionic (Nonmetals only)

Question 15

Strong electrolytes

Answer 15

NaCL

Question 16

The number of Electrons should equal the number of ______

Answer 16

Protons

Question 17

Isotopes can be

used in ______ ____

Answer 17

unstable and radioactive

nuclear medicine

Question 18

________scan to evaluate for ______Cancer

Answer 18

Iondine-123; Thyroid

Question 19

_________ comprised of only one kind of atom.

Answer 19

Elements

Question 20

________groups of atoms covalently bonded into

discrete units. Electrically Neutral.

Answer 20

Molecules -

Question 21

Question: Can a substance be both a molecule and an

element?

Answer 21

Yes. Oxygen (O2) two oxygen atoms bonded
together form a diatomic molecule of oxygen. But
oxygen is also an element on it’s own.

Question 22

Electrolytes involve : bones/teeth, muscle contractions, nerve impulses, blood clotting

Answer 22

Ca2+

Question 23

Element : helps bal. fluids & pH

Answer 23

Cl-

Question 24

Element : Erythrocyte production, absorption of Fe++, helps form collagen, act as antioxidant

Answer 24

Cu

Question 25

Ion for acid base balance, stomach HCl

Answer 25

Hydrogen (H+)

Question 26

Element helps in Thyroid hormones T3 & T4

Answer 26

Iodine

Question 27

Element helps in hemoglobin

Answer 27

Hgb (280 million molecules Hgb per RBC)

Question 28

Element that is a cofactor for 300+ enzymes, helps regulate metabolic functions.

Answer 28

Magnesium

Question 29

Magnesium can be used to

Answer 29

Can be used to slow uterine contraction

Question 30

Involved in ATP production in cellular respiration

Answer 30

O2

Question 31

Involved DNA, RNA, ATP

Answer 31

Phosphorus

Question 32

Both for muscle contractions

Answer 32

K | Ca2+

Question 33

Fluid balance, nerve function, muscle contraction

Answer 33

Sodium (Na)

Question 34

Component of vital amino acids for protein synthesis

Answer 34

Sulfur

Question 35

Monoatomic ions

Answer 35

Non-metals form anionic charges based on the number of electrons needed to equal the nearest noble gas

Question 36

Formed from two or more NONMETALS bonded in a way | that results in a net electrical charge

Answer 36

Polyatomic ions

Question 37

___________compounds that absorb water are used | as __________in anesthesia

Answer 37

Anhydrous ionic; desiccants

Question 38

What is an electrolytes?

Answer 38

Any substance that dissolves in water to give a solution | that conducts electricity.

Question 39

What is a mole?

Answer 39

used in chemistry to identify or measure how | much of a substance is present.

Question 40

what is Avogadro’s number______

Answer 40

6.02x10^23

Question 41

Mole and Avogadro's number is based on the element

Answer 41

Carbon

Question 42

One mole of anything contains _______Molecules/particles

Answer 42

6.02x10^23