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COSC101 - Computer Graphics And Visual Computing > Lecture 2: Image Processing > Flashcards

Lecture 2: Image Processing Flashcards

1
Q

consists of the manipulation of images using digital computers

(identify)

A

Image processing

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2
Q

is a method to perform some operations on an image, in order to get an enhanced image or to extract some useful information from it.

(identify)

A

Image processing

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3
Q

It is a type of signal processing in which input is an image and output may be image or characteristics/features associated with that image.

(identify)

A

Image processing

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4
Q

is an image file format that’s defined by a pixel with one or more numbers associated with it. The number defines the location, size, or color of the pixels.

(identify)

A

raster image

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5
Q

Raster Images

Raster Images

(give 3 examples)

A
  • .BMP
  • .GIF
  • .JPEG
  • .PNG
  • .TIFF
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6
Q

Raster Images

Today, almost all of the images you see on the Internet and images taken by a digital camera are raster images.

(true or false)

A

true

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7
Q

Raster Devices

Most device that are used to produce images are ?, that is, use rectangular arrays of dots (pixels) to display the image

(fill in the blanks)

A

raster devices

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8
Q

Raster Devices

This includes ?, ?, ? and ?.

(examples only)

A
  • CRT monitors
  • LCDs
  • laser
  • dot-matrix printers
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9
Q

Raster Devices

Examples of non-raster output devices include ? and ? still widely used.

(examples only)

A
  • vector displays (not used anymore)
  • plotters
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10
Q

Raster Devices

converting a continuous object is such as a line or a circle into discrete pixels

(identify)

A

Scan conversion

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11
Q

Images

In common usage, an ? or ? is an artifact that reproduces the likeness of some subject—usually a physical object or a person

(fill in the blanks)
(not same answer)

A

Image. Picture

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12
Q

Images

Images may be ? such as a photograph

(fill in the blanks)

A

two dimensional

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13
Q

Images

Images may be ? such as in a statue.

(fill in the blanks)

A

three dimensional

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14
Q

Images

They are typically produced by optical devices—such as a ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, etc. and ? and ?

(examples only)

A
  • cameras
  • mirrors
  • lenses
  • telescopes
  • microscopes
  • natural objects
  • phenomena
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15
Q

Images

the number of pixels in the image. The term applies equally to digital images, film images, and other types of images.

(identify)

A

Image Resolution

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16
Q

Images

describes the detail an image holds

(identify)

A

Image Resolution

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17
Q

Images

Higher resolution means less image detail

(true or false)

A

false: Higher resolution means less image detail
true: Higher resolution means more image detail

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18
Q

Image Classifications

(enumeration)

A
  • Monochrome Bit-Map Image
  • Gray-scale Images
  • 24-Bit Color Images
  • 1-bit Images
  • 8-bit Gray level Images
  • 8-bit color images
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19
Q

Image Classifications

Each pixel contains a single bit of information, indicating
whether the pixel is light or dark.

(identify)

A

Monochrome Bit-Map Image

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20
Q

Image Classifications

An image displayed in a single color or shades of a single color.

(identify)

A

Monochrome Bit-Map Image

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21
Q

Image Classifications

Most monochrome computer displays use ?, ?, or ?, although it could be any one color.

(examples only)

A
  • white
  • green
  • amber
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22
Q

Image Classifications

Each pixel is stored as a single bit (0 or 1)

(identify)

A

Monochrome Bit-Map Image

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23
Q

Image Classifications

Monochrome Bit-Map Image
A 640 x 480 monochrome image requires 37.5 KB of storage.

(example only)
(skippable)

A

No answer

Example only

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24
Q

Image Classifications

is simply one in which the only colors are shades of gray. The reason for differentiating such images from any other sort of color image is that less information needs to be provided for each pixel.

(identify)

A

Gray-scale Images

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25
**Image Classifications** **Gray-scale Images* In fact a ? color is one in which the **red, green and blue** components all have **equal intensity** in RGB space. Thus it's only necessary to **specify a single intensity value for each pixel**, as **opposed to the three intensities** needed to specify each pixel in a **full color image**. (identify)
gray
26
**Image Classifications** **Each pixel** is usually stored as a **byte (value between 0 to 255)** (identify)
Gray-scale Images
27
**Image Classifications** **Gray-scale images** A 640 x 480 greyscale image requires over 300 KB of storage. (example only) (skippable)
No answer Example only
28
**Image Classifications** **Full RGB color** requires that the intensities of **three color components** be specified for **each and every pixel** (identify)
24-Bit Color Images
29
**Image Classifications** Image formats that store a **full 24 bits** to describe the color of each and **every pixel** are therefore known as ?. (identify)
24-bit color images
30
**Image Classifications** There are also **some disadvantages** to **using 24-bit images**. (true or false)
true
31
**Image Classifications** **Each pixel** is represented by **three bytes (e.g., RGB)** (identify)
24-bit color images
32
**Image Classifications** Supports 256 x 256 x 256 possible combined colours (16,777,216) (identify)
24-Bit Color Images
33
**Image Classifications** **24-Bit Color Images** Supports 256 x 256 x 256 possible combined colours (16,777,216) (example only) (skippable)
No answer Example only
34
**Image Classifications** each pixel is stored as a single bit (0 or 1). A bit has only two states either on or off, white or black, true or false. (identify)
1-bit images
35
**Image Classifications** **1-bit images** An ? is a set of pixels (fill in the blanks)
image
36
**Image Classifications** **1-bit images** Note that a ? is a picture element in digital image (fill in the blanks)
pixel
37
**Image Classifications** ? **Each pixel** of ? is represented by a **single byte (8 bits)**. (fill in the blanks) (same answer)
8-bit Gray level images
38
**Image Classifications** **each pixel* of such image can hold **2(raise to 8)=256 values between 0 and 255** (identify)
8-bit Gray level images
39
**Image Classifications** Therefore **each pixel** has a **brightness value** on a scale from **black (0 for no brightness or intensity) to white (255 for full brightness or intensity)**. (identify)
8-bit Gray level images
40
**Image Classifications** is a method of **storing image information** in a computer's memory or in an image file, where **one byte (8 bits) represents each pixel** (identify)
8-bit color images
41
**Image Classifications** The **maximum number of colors** that can be **displayed at once is 256**. (identify)
8-bit color images
42
**Image Classifications** 8-bit color graphics are of two forms: (describe)
First form: image **stores not color** but an **8-bit index** into the **color map for each pixel**, instead of storing the full 24-bit color value Second form: N/A (Not in PPT)
43
A **picture element**, **containing the color or the hue** and relative brightness of that **point in the image**. (identify)
Pixel
44
**Pixel** (describe)
* a **single point** in a graphic image * pixels in an image **can be reproduced, at any size**, **without the appearance of dots/squares** * but **if pixels are not enough**, **visibly distinct dots/squares** can be seen
45
**Geometry** is quite an **important thing** in **computer graphics**. As mentioned before, **computers mostly know** how to do **math** (identify)
Geometry
46
**Geometry** is a **field in mathematics** that allows us to **describe the physical layout** of our **every day world**. (identify)
Geometry
47
**Geometry** We can describe it in 3 ?, usually denoted as **x, y and z directions** (fill in the blanks)
spatial dimensions
48
**Geometry** (enumerate)
* Point * Vector * Orthogonal Vectors * Line * Line segment * Plane * Dot product
49
**Geometry** **set of values that denotes a **location in a space**. (fill in the blanks)
Point
50
**Geometry** **set of values** that denotes a **direction in a space**. (fill in the blanks)
Vector
51
**Geometry** **perpendicular vectors**, angle between them is **90°**. (fill in the blanks)
Orthogonal vectors
52
**Geometry** **set of points** that satisfy a **linear equation of two variables** (fill in the blanks)
Line
53
**Geometry** **part of a line** that is **bounded by two distinct points**. (fill in the blanks)
Line segment
54
**Geometry** **set of points** that satisfy a **linear equation of three variables**. (fill in the blanks)
Plane
55
**Geometry** also called **scalar product** and **inner product**. (fill in the blanks)
Dot product
56
**RGB Color** is **composed** of the primary colors **Red, Green, and Blue**. (identify)
RGB color model
57
**RGB Color** This system defines the **color model** that is **used** in most **color CRT monitors** and **color raster graphics** (identify)
RGB color model
58
**RGB Color** They are considered the ? since the **colors are added together** to produce the desired color. (fill in the blanks)
"additive primaries"
59
**Alpha Compositing** is the process of **combining an image with a background** to create the appearance of **partial transparency** (identify)
Alpha compositing
60
**Alpha Compositing** It is **mostly used** in **2D graphics** (identify)
Alpha compositing
61
**Alpha Compositing** Compositing (describe)
* combine images and live footage * vital but simple process * To combines these images, it's essential to keep the matte of each element * contains information corresponding to each element
62
**Alpha Compositing** is the **concept** designed to **store information**. (identify)
Alpha channel
63
**Alpha Compositing** **Additional information** is **stored** corresponding to **each pixel** in the ? with a **value between zero and one**. (fill in the blanks)
alpha channel
64
**Alpha Compositing** means that the **pixel** does **not have any coverage information** and is **transparent**; i.e. there was **no color contribution from any geometry** because the **geometry did not overlap this pixel**. (identify)
value of 0
65
**Alpha Compositing** means that the **pixel is opaque** because the **geometry completely overlapped the pixel**. (identify)
value of 1
66
**Alpha Compositing** The **technique is used in many applications** like ?, ?, ? and many more (examples only)
* Android * Mac OS * Plan 9
67
**Alpha Compositing** **Rendering overlapping objects** that include an **alpha value** is called ?. (identify)
alpha blending
68
**Alpha Idea** been used to **composite billions of pixels (if not more)** to **create images for print**, **video**, **film**, and probably **every other application** of computer graphics. (identify)
alpha idea
69
**Alpha Idea** is obviously **incredibly useful** for **compositing images**. (identify)
Alpha
70
**Alpha Idea** In **addition to the red, green, and blue components** of each color, there is an **additional optional fourth component**, referred to as the color's ?. (identify)
"alpha"
71
**Alpha Idea** means **transparency** and is particularly **useful when you want to draw elements** that appear **partially see-through on top of one another** (identify)
Alpha
72
**Alpha Idea** is the process by which **graphical objects** are **combined**. (identify)
Compositing
73
**Alpha Idea** uses the **alpha values**, or **channel (bit mask)** to represent the **coverage of each pixel**. (identify)
Alpha compositing
74
**Alpha Idea** is often said to **represent the 'opacity'**. This **coverage information** is used to **control the compositing of colors**. (identify)
alpha channel
75
**Alpha Channel** is a **color component** that represents the **degree of transparency or opacity** of a color i.e., the **red, green and blue channels**. (identify)
alpha channel
76
**Alpha Channel** (describe)
* used to determine how a pixel is rendered when blended with another * controls transparency or opacity of a color * value can be represented as a real value, a percentage, or an integer

COSC101 - Computer Graphics And Visual Computing (5 decks)

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