Lecture 2 Notes

Question 1

We don’t store what?

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

Amino acid

Answer 2

Monomer or Protein

Question 3

Deamination

Question 4

Ammonia is detoxified by the liver and turned into

Answer 4

urea

Question 5

Urea is excreted from the

Answer 5

Kidney

Question 6

Where is nitrogen?

Answer 6

In any protein

Question 7

Protein =

Answer 7

Hundreds of AAs

Question 8

Classes of Amino Acids (20)

Answer 8

• Essential (Indispensable) amino acids: 9
• No essentials (Dispensable) amino acids: 5
• Conditionally indespensable amino acids: 6

Question 9

Protein balance:

Answer 9

A normal urinary urea nutrition

Question 10

Positive nitrogen balance:

Answer 10

Growth, pregnancy

Question 11

Negative nitrogen balance:

Answer 11

Burns, serious tissue injuries, fevers, fasting

Question 12

Functions of Protein:

Answer 12

• Energy
• Water balance
• Metabolism
• Body Defense system
• Tissue building
• Immune System
  -Growth

Question 13

Food sources of proteins: Complete proteins

Answer 13

Meat
Fish
Poultry
Seafood
Soy

Question 14

Food sources of proteins: Incomplete proteins

Answer 14

Plant-origin foods
Grains
Legumes
Nuts
Seeds
Fruits
Vegetables

Question 15

Vegetarian Diet

Answer 15

Must combine foods to cover all AAs needs

Question 16

Types of vegetarian diets

Answer 16

• Lacto-ovo vegetarian
• Lacto-vegetarian
• Ovo-vegetarian
• Vegan

Question 17

During a vegetarian diet…

Answer 17

…. Anemia and weak bones may result because the minerals are depleted by the Phytic acid (grains cereals etc.)

Question 18

Nitrogen balance =

Answer 18

(intake = excretion)

Question 19

Digestion of proteins:

Answer 19

Mouth
Stomach
Pancreas
Small Intestine

Question 20

Papsinogen activated by Hcl

Answer 20

Pepsin : Protein

Question 21

Biologic Value (BV):

Answer 21

Based on nitrogen balnce

Question 22

Kwashiorkor

Answer 22

more than 2 years

Question 23

Marasmus

Answer 23

less than 2 years

Question 24

Total caloric intake from protein:

Answer 24

10-35%

Question 25

Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)

Answer 25

Duodenum ulcer & Gastric Ulcer

Question 26

Before 30 minutes which ulcer?

Answer 26

Gastric Ulcer

Question 27

After 30 minutes, which ulcer?

Answer 27

Duodenum Ulcer

Question 28

Bioavailability:

Answer 28

Amount of nutrients absorbed

Question 29

Lacteal (lymphatic):

Answer 29

Inside vili to absorb fat into the lymphatic system

Question 30

Fiber is...

Answer 30

... Cellulose

Question 31

Three main vessels of the intestines

Answer 31

Celiac Superior Mesenteric Artery Inferior Mesenteric Artery

Question 32

Mesenteric Veins

Answer 32

Collect nutrients from the intestines

Question 33

Portal Vein

Answer 33

Fusion of veins that go to liver

Question 34

Portal Veins

Answer 34

DO NOT HAVE VALVES, can go either direction

Question 35

Gluconeogenesis

Answer 35

Proteins turn to Glucose

Question 36

Glycogenolysis

Answer 36

Glycogen turns to Glucose

Question 37

Glycogenesis

Answer 37

Glucose turns to glycogen.

Question 38

Lactose Intolerance

Answer 38

Is not an allergic reaction... lack of enzyme (Lactase)

Question 39

Fuel Factors (kcal/g)

Answer 39

CH: 4 Fat: 9 Proteins: 4 Alcohol: 7 Water: 0

Question 40

BMR Men:

Answer 40

1kcal x kg body weight x 24 h

Question 41

BMR Women:

Answer 41

0.9 kcal x kg body weight x 24 h

Question 42

TDEE

Answer 42

Total Daily Energy Expenditure

Question 43

BMR

Answer 43

Basil, Metabolic, Rate

Question 44

BMR x AF

Answer 44

TDEE

Question 45

AF

Answer 45

Activity Factor