Nutrition Final Review

Question 1

lbs to kg

Answer 1

1lb = 2.2 kg

Question 2

BMI

Answer 2

weight in kilograms / height in meters (squared)

Question 3

ft to inches

Answer 3

1ft = 12 inches

Question 4

inches to meters

Answer 4

1 inch = 0.0254 meters.

Question 5

Underweight
Normal
obese
overweight

Answer 5

Underweight- <18
Normal - 18 - 24
overweight - 25 - 39.9
obese - >40

Question 6

classification of fat

Answer 6

Saturated fats are animal
unsaturated fats are vegetable oil
unsaturated fats branches out to mono and poly.

Question 7

positive nitrogen balance

Answer 7

growth, pregnancy

Question 8

negative nitrogen balance

Answer 8

sick, Burns, serious tissue injuries, fevers, fasting

Question 9

what is my best way to eat?

Answer 9

50 carb - 20 protein - 30 fat
variety of diet

Question 10

Weight gain during pregnancy

Answer 10

Normal weight women- 25 to 35
Obese women- 15lb

Average weight gain in 1st T-2-4lbs
1lb/ week gain during 2nd and 3rd

Question 11

Carbs to kilocalories

Answer 11

CH: 4
Fat: 9
Proteins: 4
Alcohol: 7
Water: 0

Question 12

pregnancy what to avoid

Answer 12

Avoid alcohol (FAS), caffein (SGA) (Max 300mg), tobacco (preterm), and drugs.

Question 13

smoking marijuana during pregnancy and excess vitamin A.

Answer 13

causes cleft lip

Question 14

Infant avoid

Answer 14

cow milk - casein (protein) higher concentration

Question 15

Botulism is in

Answer 15

honey. can not give child under 1 year

Question 16

Teenage girl has distorted body image

Answer 16

Anorexia

Question 17

Eating disorder: making self vomit

Answer 17

Bolemia

Question 18

water balance

Answer 18

aldosterone & antidiuretic hormone

Question 19

cholesterol needed for

Answer 19

Cell membrane
Aldosterone
Cortisol
Estrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone
Produce Bile Acid
Vitamin D

Question 20

deficiency of iron

Answer 20

microcytic
hypochromic anemia

Question 21

deficiency b12 or folic acid

Answer 21

lead to megaloblastic anemia

Question 22

dash diet

Answer 22

dietary approach to stop hypertension

Question 23

use of fluoride

Answer 23

prevents cavities

Question 24

prevent constipation

Answer 24

fiber, water, walk with friends

Question 25

Where are carbohydrates stored?

Answer 25

glycogen

Question 26

proteins will not

Answer 26

be stored. excess proteins will be eliminated thru deamination

Question 27

gluten is a

Answer 27

protein

Question 28

celiac disease is

Answer 28

gluten allergy

Question 29

Signs and symptoms of celiac disease

Answer 29

Constant (chronic) diarrhea or constipation. Weight loss. Gas. Pale, bad-smelling stool. Unexplained low blood count that makes you feel tired (anemia) Tingling, numb feeling in the legs. Missed menstrual periods (linked to too much weight loss) Infertility.

Question 30

TDEE

Answer 30

BMR x AF

Question 31

BMR men:

Answer 31

1kcal x kg body weight x 24 h

Question 32

BMR women:

Answer 32

0.9kcal x kg body weight x 24 h

Question 33

lactose intolerance

Answer 33

Is not an allergic reaction… lack of enzyme (Lactase)

Question 34

Monosaccharides are

Answer 34

Glucose, Fructose, Galactose

Question 35

Disaccharides are

Answer 35

Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose

Question 36

Polysaccharides are

Answer 36

Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose

Question 37

difference between carbs and proteins

Answer 37

protein contains NITROGEN

Question 38

glucose in urine

Answer 38

glucosuria

Question 39

blood in urine

Answer 39

hematuria

Question 40

GI ingestion

Answer 40

BOLUS goes to CHYME. 30 mins to stomach, 2 hours in stomach.

Question 41

CCK

Answer 41

target organs gallbladder and PJ

Question 42

Weight management:

Answer 42

-Exercise 30 minutes most days to prevent chronic disease -Exercise 60 minutes/ day to prevent weight gain -Exercise 60-90 minutes for a sustain weight loss

Question 43

diabetes mellitus how much exercise

Answer 43

120 mins a week

Question 44

Morning sickness pregnancy

Answer 44

hCG hormone in 12 weeks.

Question 45

help with morning sickness

Answer 45

eat frequently smaller portions

Question 46

Vitamin A

Answer 46

retinol, retinoic acid, Isotretinoin, keratin Food source: carrots Deficiency causes: Xerophthalmia (dry eye) & Xerostomia (dry skin)

Question 47

Vitamin D

Answer 47

Cholecalciferol (made by cholesterol) Deficiency causes: Decrease bone growth *Ricketts (children) *Osteomalacia (adults)

Question 48

Vitamin E

Answer 48

Tocopherol, Antioxidant Deficiency causes: Hemolytic Anemia (info: stop Vit E 1 week before surgery)

Question 49

Vitamin K

Answer 49

Blood clotting food source: green leafy veggies Deficiency causes: Ecchymosis (bruising)

Question 50

Vitamin C

Answer 50

Ascorbic Acid, Collagen Deficiency causes: Scurvy

Question 51

Vitamin B1

Answer 51

Thiamine, participates in production of ATPs, forms GABA deficiency causes: BERI-BERI Wernicke-Koraskoff

Question 52

Vitamin B2

Answer 52

Riboflavin, helps produce ATPs food source: milk Deficiency causes: Cheilosis Corneal Vasculitis Glossitis

Question 53

Vitamin B3

Answer 53

Niacin, helps produce ATPs deficiency causes: Pellagra 4 D's

Question 54

Vitamin B4

Answer 54

Choline, produce neuro transmitters, produce ATPs

Question 55

Vitamin B5

Answer 55

Pantothenic Acid, promote cell division, produce neuro transmitters

Question 56

Vitamin B6

Answer 56

Pyridoxine Deficiency causes: Neuritis

Question 57

Vitamin B7

Answer 57

Biotin, Vitamin H, Produced by flora

Question 58

Vitamin B9

Answer 58

Folate, Folic Acid, helps with cell division for DNA synthesis deficiency causes: Neural Tube Defects (NTB)

Question 59

Vitamin B12

Answer 59

Cobalamin, used for RBC division deficiency causes: Pernicious anemia.

Question 60

Complex B

Answer 60

All vitamins B 1-9, 12B

Question 61

Vitamin B

Answer 61

Promote production of ATPs, Cell division, production of neurotransmitters

Question 62

Calcium

Question 63

Phosphorus

Question 64

Sulfur

Question 65

Iron

Question 66

Iodine

Question 67

Zinc

Answer 67

deficiency causes: poor wound healing

Question 68

Selenium

Answer 68

regulate T3 & T4