LECTURE 2 - PART1 Flashcards
(15 cards)
primary distinction of a eukaryotic cell
have a membrane bound nucleus
primary distinction of a prokaryotic cell
no membrane bound organelles
how many species of prokaryotes described
4000
how many species of prokaryotes undescribed
1-3 million
2 domains of prokaryotes
eubacteria
archaea
3 points about eubacteria
cyanobacteria - uses chlorophyll based photosynthesis
none are methanogens
peptidoglycan in cell walls, one known type of polymerase
describe archaea
anaerobic and aerobic
large methane producers
no chlorophyll based photosynthesis
no peptidoglycen cell walls
several RNA polymerases
usually extremophiles such as
halophiles
thermophiles
psychrophiles
acdiphiles
alkaliphiles
barophiles
the N cycle
cyanobacteria fix N2
some consume Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (DON) and convert it to Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen (DIN) mainly as NH4+ (ammonification)
nitrosomonas and nitrobacter convert NH4+ to NO2- and NO3-
during dentrification bacteria convert NO3- to NO2
why are the processes in the N cycle important?
in the ocean (and terrestrial land and freshwater bodies) in determining primary productivity of systems since DIN is the main limiting nutrients that affect primary productivity
how many domains in eukaryota
4
protista
fungi
plantae
animalia
protista
unicellular
hetero and/or autotrophic
polyphyletic group - about 18 phyla
fungi
possibly monophyletic
includes moulds mushrooms yeasts
saprotrophic
heterotrophic
multicellular
metaphyta (plant)
multicellular
photosynthetic
develop through embryonic tissue layering
includes some members of algae
bryophytes
gymnosperms
angiosperms
metazoa (animals)
multicellular
ingestve heterotrophic
in/vertebrates
