Lecture 2-Skeletal Tissues Flashcards
(18 cards)
Where is Hyaline Cartilage found?
Hyaline Cartilage is found in joint surfaces (articular ends of bones)
What is the perochondrium and what does it do?
The perichondrium is a fibrous CT capsule that surrounds hyaline cartilage. It provides the cartilege with nutrients. Cells of the perichondrium have the ability to form chondrocytes, which results in appositional growth of the cartilage.
What is an isogenic cluster?
A cluster of cells in hyaline cartilage that reflect coordinanted cell division
Define interstitial growth
Division within the cartilage
Define appositional growth
Division at the surface of the cartilage
What does hyaline cartilage look like?
Cells are enclosed in lacunae, when connected they are straight at the joining point and curved around the circumference, granular/heterogenous matrix
What are the components of hyaline cartilage?
Collagen firbrils and Proteoglycans.
What is the most abundant proteoglycan of hylaine?
Aggregan
Whats the deal with aggrecan?
Aggrecan is a large complex aggregate that includes chondroitin sulfate GAGs, proteins and hyaluronic acid. It is highly hydrated and has an intense amount of negative charges.
Tell me about the collagen fibrils of the hylaline cartilage ECM
Fibrils are fibrillar collagen Type II, which are thin and banded. Collagen IX (which is a fibril associated collagen) forms covalent crosslinks with collagen molecules and proteoglycans. s
What is the hallmark of arthritis?
irreversible destruction of cartilage matrix through the production of MMPs
What is the source of osteoarthritis?
acquired from daily wear and tear or the result of an injury
What is the source of Rheumatoid Arthritis?
It is a systemic autoimmune, inflammatory disease that produces a progressive degeneration of the musculoskeletal system
What is Fibrocartilage?
Has features of both a dense connective tissue ( large diameter collagen I fibers), and cartilege matrix (think type II collagen fibrils and proteoglycans).
Provide for both toughness and flexibility
Where can you find fibrocartilage?
In the intervertebral disk!
What happens in a herniated disk?
The anulus fibrosus (fibrocartilege) ruptures
Elastic Cartilage..what is it?
It is similar to hylaine cartilage but it contains networks of elastic fibers. When stained for elastin, elastin networks become apparent. It is able to withstand repeated bending!
Macroscopically, what are the two types of bone tissue?
Spongy and dense
