Lecture 20

Question 1

____% of Canada’s area is lakes

Answer 1

8%

Question 2

Canada has ____ lakes then any other country

Answer 2

more

Question 3

_____% of Canada’s area is lakes and wetlands

Answer 3

20%

Question 4

There are over _____ lakes with an area of over 1000km^2 in Canada

Answer 4

45

Question 5

How many lakes are there in Manitoba that have an area over 1000km^2

Answer 5

8

Question 6

Canada has or shares with the USA ___ of the worlds 20 largest lakes

Answer 6

7

Question 7

Lake Winnipeg is number ____ of the worlds 20 largest lakes

Answer 7

13

Question 8

Canadian rivers discharge about ____% of the worlds renewable water supply

Answer 8

9%

Question 9

What are 5 issues facing water quality in Canada?

Answer 9

1) Infectious agents
2) Oxygen-demanding waste
3) Plant nutrients
4) Toxic inorganics
5) Toxic organics

Question 10

What is the number 1 issue facing water quality in Canada?

Answer 10

Infectious agents

Question 11

What infectious agent was found in Walkerton Ontario’s water supply in 2000 and what did it cause

Answer 11

E coli
7 deaths
5000 sick with bloody diarrhea

Question 12

Where was Beaver fever found?

Answer 12

Giardia

Question 13

Where/when was Cryptosporidium found and what did it cause?

Answer 13

In North Battleford in 2001

7000 sick with vomiting, diarrhea and high fever

Question 14

Define oxygen-demanding waste

Answer 14

As organic matter is decomposed by bacteria and fungi those organisms are depleting the oxygen in the water and causing shit to die

Question 15

What is oxygen demanding waste known as by scientists

Answer 15

BOD

Biological oxygen demand

Question 16

What does BOD stand for

Answer 16

Biological oxygen demand

Question 17

When things are dumped in rivers what causes organisms to die?

Answer 17

The depletition of oxygen by the organisms decomposing the things dumped in the water

Question 18

What does plant nutrients in water lead too what is it ?

Answer 18

Eutrophication: When the agent of limiting the growth of organisms is removed

Question 19

What are 3 categories of toxic inorganics and 2 examples for each

Answer 19

1) Heavy metals (Lead, Hg)
2) Non metals (Br, S)
3) Acids and bases

Question 20

What are 3 categories of toxic organics?

Answer 20

1) Endocrine disruptors
2) Pulp and paper effluent
3) Sediment

Question 21

What’s one example of an endocrine disruptor and what does it do?

Answer 21

BPA which interferes with humans nervous systems

Question 22

Give an example of where pulp and paper effluent affected the ecosystem and why

Answer 22

In some areas of Lake Superior there are no male fish because the effluent of estrogen levels

Question 23

Why is sediment a problem for water quality?

Answer 23

It interferes with biological processes

Question 24

What are the 3 ways of water use in Canada and describe each

Answer 24

1) Withdrawal: Taking water out of an ecosystem but then returning it
2) Consumption: Taking water out of an ecosystem and not returning it to the same ecosystem
3) Group use: How much water is actually needed to do a job

Question 25

What is the largest withdrawal of water in Canada (2015) and why

Answer 25

Thermal power generation because they boil water to create steam to get power

Question 26

How many water systems are there in Canada

Answer 26

2500

Question 27

What are three levels of water treatment in Canada?

Answer 27

1) Primary 2) Secondary 3) Tertiary

Question 28

True or false; to achieve tertiary water treatment the water must go through primary and secondary treatment

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What method does primary water treatment use and what does it remove?

Answer 29

Filters and sedimentation | Lumps and Chunks

Question 30

Where are primary water systems mostly found?

Answer 30

Montreal and Quebec

Question 31

What method does secondary water treatment use and what does it remove?

Answer 31

Activated Sludge | Bacteria, other biota and BoO

Question 32

Where are secondary water systems found?

Answer 32

Winnipeg and Ontario?

Question 33

What methods does Tertiary systems use and what does it remove?

Answer 33

Many methods | Nutrients and heavy metals

Question 34

Where are tertiary water systems found?

Answer 34

Saskatchewan, Alberta and cities near the great lakes

Question 35

What provinces have no water systems, or about 50% of the population

Answer 35

Newfoundland and Labrador | The territories

Question 36

Why do only a few cities in Canada have tertiary water systems?

Answer 36

Because it costs a shit ton of money and those provinces aren't close to any free water so they have to be able to return the water

Question 37

Why do some provinces not have any water treatment systems?

Answer 37

Because they are close to the ocean and therefore just dump it right back and get new water