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Anatomy Exam 3 > Lecture 22: Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Lecture 22: Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

What is the superior border of the abdomen?

A

costal cartilage 7-12

xiphoid process

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2
Q

What is the inferior border of the abdomen

A

pubic bone and iliac crest

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3
Q

Where is the line alba located?

A

along the midline

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4
Q

What is the line semilunaris?

A

scalloped lateral border on each side of the rectus abdominis

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5
Q

What is the linea transversa?

A

tendinous bands of retus abdominis

creates six pack

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6
Q

What are the quadrants of the abdomen?

A

upper left
upper right
lower left
lower right

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7
Q

What divides the abdominal regions?

A

vertical planes

horizontal planes

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8
Q

What are the two vertical planes?

A

left and right lateral planes= midclavicular planes

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9
Q

What are the two horizontal planes?

A

transpyloric plane

intertubercular plane

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10
Q

What does the right and left hypochondriac regions contain?

A

contain liver

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11
Q

What does the epigastric region contain?

A

liver, stomach, pancreas

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12
Q

What does the right and left lateral lumbar region contain?

A

right: ascending colon
left: descending colon

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13
Q

What does the umbilical region contain?

A

small intestines and transverse colon

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14
Q

What does the right and left inguinal region contain?

A

right contains ileocecal junction and appendix

left contains sigmoid colon

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15
Q

What does the hypogastric region contain?

A

small intestine, urinary bladder (full) , pregnant uterus

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16
Q

What is the superficial subcutaneous fascia called?

A

Camper’s fascia

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17
Q

What is the deep superficial subcutaneous fascia called?

A

scarpa’s fascia

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18
Q

Describe the transversals fascia

A

deep to transverses abdomens, fibroelastic CT with adipose tissue

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19
Q

Describe the peritoneum

A

serous membrane= parietal peritoneum

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20
Q

The superficial epigastric artery arises from the ____ artery

A

femoral

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21
Q

The superficial circumflex iliac artery arises from the ____ artery

A

femoral

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22
Q

the superficial external pudendal artery arises from the _____ artery

A

femoral

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23
Q

the deep circumflex iliac artery is a branch of the _____ artery

A

external iliac

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24
Q

the deep epigastric artery is a branch of the ______ artery

A

external iliac

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25
Q

Above the umbilicus where does the superficial veins drain?

A

drain into the internal thoracic veins

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26
Q

Below the umbilicus where does the superficial veins drain?

A

drain into the femoral veins and external iliac veins

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27
Q

Above the umbilicus, lymphatic drainage is into what?

A

the axillary and sternal nodes

28
Q

Below the umbilicus, lymphatic drainage is into what?

A

the superficial inguinal nodes

29
Q

The deep circumflex iliac is a branch of what?

A

external iliac

30
Q

The superficial epigastric artery arises from what?

A

femoral artery

31
Q

The superficial circumflex iliac artery arises from what?

A

femoral artery

32
Q

The superficial external pudendal artery arises from what?

A

femoral artery

33
Q

external oblique origin

A

external surface of ribs 5-12

34
Q

external oblique insertion

A

linea alba, pubic tubercle, anterior half of iliac crest

35
Q

external oblique action

A

compresses and supports abdominal viscera; flexes and rotates trunk

36
Q

external oblique innervation

A

T7-11; subcostal nerve

37
Q

internal oblique origin

A

thoracolumbar fascia, anterior 2/3 of iliac crest, lateral 1/2 of iliac ligament

38
Q

internal oblique insertion

A

linea alba, pubic crest, pubis

39
Q

internal oblique action

A

compresses and supports abdominal viscera, flexes and rotates trunk

40
Q

internal oblique innervation

A

T7-11; subcostal nerve; L1

41
Q

transversus abdominus origin

A

internal surfaces of costal cartilages 7-12; thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest; lateral inguinal ligament

42
Q

transversus abdominus insertion

A

linea alba, pubic crest

43
Q

transversus abdominus action

A

compresses and supports abdominal viscera

44
Q

transversus abdominus innervation

A

T7-11; subcostal nerve; L1

45
Q

rectus abdominis origin

A

pubic symphysis and pubic crest

46
Q

rectus abdominis insertion

A

xiphoid process and costal cartilages 5-7

47
Q

rectus abdominis action

A

compresses and supports abdominal viscera; flexes trunk

48
Q

rectus abdominis innervation

A

T7-11; subcostal nerve

49
Q

The inguinal ligament is a thickened lower border of the ________ aponeurosis

A

external oblique

50
Q

Where does the inguinal ligament travel?

A

from anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle

51
Q

What does the inguinal canal transmit?

A

spermatic cord in males

round ligament of uterus in females

52
Q

What is the deep inguinal ring?

A

opening of the evagination of the transversalis fascia

53
Q

Where does the deep inguinal ring lie?

A

lies above inguinal ligament midway between anterior iliac spine and pubic tubercle

54
Q

What is contained in the spermatic cord?

A 
vas deferens 
ilioinguinal nerve 
genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
testicular arteries and veins (pampiniform plexus)
lymph vessels 
cremaster muscle
55
Q

What is in the inguinal canals for females?

A

ilioinguinal nerve
round ligament
lymph vessels

56
Q

Describe the direct inguinal hernia

A

occurs in older men
due to weakness in abdominal wall behind or lateral to superficial inguinal ring
does not extend into scrotum
has sac formed by peritonea

57
Q

Describe a indirect inguinal hernia

A

transverses deep and superficial inguinal rings and inguinal canal
may descend into scrotum
more common (and in boys and young men)
may be congenital

58
Q

describe a femoral hernia

A

occurs within femoral canal

more common in females

59
Q

describe a umbilical hernia

A

occurs at site where umbilical cord penetrates between muscles and fascia of anterior abdominal wall

60
Q

what is the median umbilical fold?

A

midline peritoneal fold on inner abdominal wall above bladder

61
Q

What does the median umbilical ligament contain? what it is a remnant of?

A

contains: medium umbilical ligament
remnant: embryonic urachus

62
Q

what is the medial umbilical fold?

A

paired peritoneal folds on either side of median fold

63
Q

What is the remnant of the medial umbilical ligament>

A

umbilical arteries

64
Q

What is the lateral umbilical fold?

A

paired peritoneal folds lateral to medial folds

65
Q

What does the lateral umbilical fold contain?

A

inferior epigastric vessels

66
Q

Where does the falciform ligament attaches?

A

attaches liver to anterior to anterior abdominal wall and to inferior surface of diaphragm

67
Q

what does the falciform ligament contain?

A

ligamentum teres hepatis (round ligament of liver)

Anatomy Exam 3 (10 decks)

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