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Anatomy Exam 3 > Lecture 24: Abdominal Cavity II > Flashcards

Lecture 24: Abdominal Cavity II Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the spleen located?

A
  • Lies against diaphragm in left hypochondriac region

* Along the long axis of ribs 9-11

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2
Q

What is the vascular supply to the spleen?

A

splenic artery via 4 branches: superior polar, superior middle, inferior, middle, inferior polar

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3
Q

what are the impressions of the spleen?

A

stomach
large intestine
kidney

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4
Q

What are the four parts of the pancreas?

A

head
neck
body
tail

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5
Q

What are the exocrine functions of the pancreas?

A

produces pancreatic juice, aids in digestion: digestive enzymes, bicarbonate ions

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6
Q

What are the endocrine functions of the pancreas?

A

produces hormones: insulin, glucagon

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7
Q

where is the location of the pancreas

A

Epigastric and left hypochondriac regions

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8
Q

What is the blood supply of the pancreas

A
  • Branches of splenic artery

* Superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

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9
Q

Where does the head of the pancreas lie?

A

in curvature of duodenum, anterior to inferior vena cava

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10
Q

The head of the pancreas is transversed by what?

A

common bile duct

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11
Q

The neck of the pancreas is constricted where crossed posteriorly by _______

A

superior mesenteric artery

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12
Q

Where does the tail of the pancreas end?

A

hilus of spleen

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13
Q

Describe the anterior body of the pancreas

A

covered by peritoneum

lies in floor of omental bursa

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14
Q

Describe the posterior surface of the body of the pancreas

A

devoid of peritoneum

contacts: aorta, superior mesenteric artery, left kidney, left suprarenal gland

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15
Q

How does the main pancreatic duct travel?

A
  • begins in tail of pancreas
  • runs through pancreatic parenchyma
  • exits gland at head
  • turns inferiorly and meets bile duct
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16
Q

What is the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

A

junction of main pancreatic duct and common bile duct

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17
Q

Where does the hepatopancreatic ampulla empty?

A

into duodenum via major duodenal papilla

18
Q

What does the accessory pancreatic duct do?

A

drains uncinate process and inferior head of pancreas

19
Q

Where does the accessory pancreatic duct empty?

A

into duodenum via minor duodenal papilla

20
Q

What does the major duodenal papilla empty?

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla into duodenum

21
Q

What does the mono duodenal papilla empty?

A

accessory pancreatic duct into duodenum

22
Q

The horizontal part of the duodenum travels to the ____

A

left

23
Q

The ascending part of the duodenum meets with ___ at _____ junction

A

jejunum and duodenojejunal

24
Q

What is the blood supply to the duodenum?

A

• Gastroduodenal artery via
smaller named arteries
• Superior mesenteric artery via smaller named arteries

25
Q

How long is the jejunum and ilium?

A

20 feet in length

26
Q

How is the jejunum different than the ileum?

A

deeper red, thicker walled, shorter than ilium

27
Q

What is the arterial supply to the jejunum and ileum?

A

superior mesenteric artery

28
Q

What is the venous drainage of the jejunum and the ileum?

A

superior mesenteric vein

29
Q

What are characteristics of the colon?

A

tenia coli
haustra
epiploic appendages

30
Q

What is McBurney’s point?

A

point you press for appendicitis. 2/3 distance from umbilicus to ASIS

31
Q

Where does the ascending colon travel?

A

from cecum to right colic flexure

32
Q

where does the transverse colon travel?

A

from right colic flexure to left colic flexure

33
Q

Where does the descending colon travel?

A

from left colic flexure to pelvic brim

34
Q

What is the arterial supply to the transverse colon?

A

middle colic artery from superior mesenteric artery

35
Q

What is the arterial present for the descending colon?

A

branch from inferior mesenteric artery

36
Q

What is the arterial supply for the sigmoid colon?

A

inferior mesenteric artery

37
Q

Describe the internal anal sphincter

A
  • Thick ring of circular smooth muscle

* Surrounds upper part of anal canal

38
Q

How is the internal anal sphincter controlled reflexively and involuntarily by ANS

A
  • Parasympathetic system promotes relaxation

* Sympathetic system promotes contraction

39
Q

Describe the external anal sphincter

A
  • Three rings of skeletal muscle
  • Extends entire length of anal canal.
  • Controlled voluntarily via branches of pudendal nerve
40
Q

What are anal columns

A

5-10 longitudinal folds of mucosa in upper half of canal

41
Q

What is the pectinate line

A
  • marks junction between endoderm portion of anal canal and ectoderm portion of anal canal
  • marks division between visceral and somatic: arterial, venous, lymphatic, nerve supply

Anatomy Exam 3 (10 decks)

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