Lecture 25

Question 1

What is Transgenesis

Answer 1

Engineering a multicellular organism by adding in “foreign” DNA

Question 2

How do we know if a gene variant is pathogenic?

Answer 2

We can damage, or modify, the gene we are interested in by
genetically modifying an organism or cell line.

By examining the organism, or its offspring, we should be able to
work out what the gene normally does.

One way to do this is via CRISPR-Cas9

Question 3

Describe Targeted mutation with CRISPR-Cas9

Answer 3

Cas9 protein and Guide RNA with a complementary sequence that can bind to a target gene

Cas9 enters the nucleus and
finds the target sequence in
the genome that matches
guide RNA

Question 4

How does cutting a gene with targeted mutation help scientists

Answer 4

They can disable a gene to study its normal function

If the target gene has a mutation it can be repaired

Question 5

Describe what happens once the CRISPR-Cas9 is inside the cell

Answer 5

Cas9 enters the nucleus and
finds the target sequence in
the genome that matches
guide RNA

Cas9 makes double stranded
break in DNA at target site