lecture 29 - fatty acids as a fuel molecule Flashcards
what cells tend to use fatty acids as a fuel
red muscle cells
what does it mean by fatty acids are more reduced than carbohydrates
more energy is released when oxidised in pathways
why does fat require less space to be stored than carbohydrates
because stored carbohydrates (glycogen) are approximately 2/3 water so it takes up more space than
what does lipase do to triglycerides
chops off the fatty acid from the glycerol
what does albumin do in terms of fatty acids
has non polar hydrophobic pockets = where fatty acids sit and can be carried in the blood
what happens to fatty acids before B-oxidation
they are activated by getting attached to CoA
how are fatty acids activated and where does the energy to do so come from
CoA is added to make fatty acid-CoA
- energy comes from hydrolysis of ATP to AMP (energy equivalent of 2 ATP)
how many membranes must fatty acyl-CoA pass through and what are they
outer membrane and inner membrane
what is the carrier protein that is on the outer membrane that allows fatty acyl-CoA to pass through
fatty acyl-CoA carrier
what reaction must happen to fatty acyl-CoA before it can pass through the inner membrane
conversion to fatty acyl-carnitine
- carnitine is added and CoA is removed
what happens to the fatty acyl-carnitine once in the membrane and why
the reverse reaction occurs so the fatty acid is in the correct form for B-oxidation
what is the product of B oxidation and what happens to it
acetyl-CoA = is further oxidised in the citric acid cycle
reactions 1 to 3 in B oxidation involve a rearrangement why does this occur
chemistry around the bond it altered so it can be cleaved in reaction 4
reaction 4 in B oxidation is the cleavage between a and b carbons, what happens
acetyl CoA released
CoASH added to remaining carbon chain
2 carbons shorter fatty acyl-CoA enters next round
what is the equation for the number of rounds occurring in B oxidation
of rounds = n(C)/2-1
