Lecture 3 Flashcards
(59 cards)
Plastic Characteristics
Most versatile and useful material. Can take the place of various materials like wood, glass, china, cloth, rubber, jewels, varnish
Polymers Characteristics
Derived from the imagination of the chemist, composed of atoms carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, and sometimes nitrogen and fluorine. Synthesized from oil.
What are some of Nature’s Polymers / Oldest worldly materials
Woods, wools, leather
What is the first plastic
Cellulose nitrate (Celluloid)
Three original Plastics
Cellulose Nitrate (Celluloid)
Casein Plastics
Phenolic Plastic Bakelite
How are plastics Named
By their most basic chemical compounds
Who is involved in the plastics industry
Chemical Companies
Plastic Processors
Fabricators
The role of chemical companies in the plastics industry
Obtains ethers, alcohols, esters, acids, and raw materials for resins
Who are the Processors in the Plastics Industry and what do they do
Moulders, Extruders, Coaters, and convert the plastic compounds into useful forms
What is the Fabricator’s role in the Plastics Industry
Convert the various resins and forms into finished products
What is the composition of plastics
Synthetic organic compounds that are man made and organic because they have carbon
Other elements/materials that can be used for plastics
Hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, and sulfur. Coal, Petroleum, Cellulose (Cotton Fibres)
Two main classifications of plastics
Thermosets and Thermoplastics
Thermoset Plastics
Soften with heat but stay soft for a short time. They set when heat continues and can’t be soft again
Thermoplastics
Plastics set with heat but remain soft if they are heated. Only sets when cooled and can be resoftened by reheating
Elastomers
A thermoset that retains their shape even when stretched 4 - 5x their original length
What are examples of Thermoplastics
Polymers, Polypropylene, Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
Polystryene
Brittle in its simplest form but can be made in a high impact variant. Has a weak tensile strength and can crack easily. Easy to mould and can be coloured and made clear.
Uses of Polystyrene
Food containers, packaging, ceiling tiles, refrigerator trays
Polypropylene
Exceptional strength and resilience, resistant to water
Uses of Polypropylene
Ropes, automobile ducts, garden furniture, artificial turf, thermal underwear
Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
Tough, resilient, and easily moulded. Opaque but can be transparent and pigmented. Good chemical, temperature and high impact resistance
Typical uses for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
Computer and TV cases, telephones, food mixers, vacuum cleaners, bath trays, plumbing pipes, RV Parts, shower stalls, sports equipment
What is casting
A limited production process most often used for part evaluation or pre-production parts.