lecture 30

Question 1

transitional epithelium makes what for protection

Answer 1

makes cytokeratin, a plaque protein.
these proteins are called uroplakins. and they protect the cells of the transitional epithelium and prevent urine passing between the cells

Question 2

in the ureter wall, there isnt much distinguishing between what

Answer 2

there isnt much to distinguish between the lamina propria of mucosa and submucosa.

Question 3

whats the wall of the bladder called

Answer 3

detrusor muscle

Question 4

what is the shape of an emptied bladder

Answer 4

it has a pyramidal shape behind the pelvis

Question 5

describe the epithelia changes of the urethra

Answer 5

transitional near the bladder, then columnar and then stratified squamous for protection near the opening

Question 6

what do the goblet cells do for the urethra

Answer 6

At the point where we have columnar epithelium in the urethra, there are goblet cells and mucous glands. Mucous protects from urine and also prevents bacteria passing too far up the urethra, so no UTI.

Question 7

where is it and what it do, internal urinary sphincter

Answer 7

junction of the bladder and urethra, its made by the detrusor muscle and its smooth muscle so under involuntary control

Question 8

where is it and what it do, external urinary sphincter

Answer 8

Located where urethra passes through the urogenital diaphragm, Skeletal muscle, Voluntary control