lecture 30 Flashcards
(11 cards)
1
Q
immune system is composed of…
A
organs, cells, molecules
2
Q
What are the primary lymphoid organs?
A
- bone marrow, Source of stem cells that develop into cells
of the ‘innate’ and ‘adaptive’ immune responses - thymus, ‘school’ for white blood
cells called T cells, developing T cells learn not to react to self
3
Q
what are the secondary lymphoid organs?
A
- lymph nodes, Located along
lymphatic vessels, Lymph fluid from blood and tissue is filtered, Site of initiation of immune responses - spleen, site of initiation for
immune responses against blood-borne pathogens
4
Q
what are the 3 layers of defense
A
- chem and physical
- innate arm
- adaptive arm
5
Q
what are the chem defenses of the skin
A
- Antimicrobial peptides e.g. skin ‘defensins’ – forms pores in
microbial cell membranes - Lysozyme: breaks down bacterial cell walls
- Sebum: low pH
- Salt: hypertonic
6
Q
features of mucous membranes
A
Epithelium: tightly packed live cells, constantly renewed, mucus-producing goblet cells
7
Q
what is the mucociliary escalator
A
cilia move mucous up to pharynx
8
Q
what are the chem defenses of mucosal surfaces
A
- stomach with low pH
- gall bladder with bile
- intestine with digestive enzymes
- mucus
- defensins
- lysozymes (tears/urine)
9
Q
what do goblet cells do
A
produce mucus
10
Q
what are innate immunity internal defenses
A
- phagocytes
- natural killer cells
- inflammation
- antimicrobial proteins
- fever
11
Q
what are the components of adaptive immunity
A
humoral immunity = b cells
cellular immunity = t cells
