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MicroB test 3 > Lecture 31 Rickettsia > Flashcards

Lecture 31 Rickettsia Flashcards

1
Q

Describe Q Fever pathnogenesis

A

1) Infects macrophage by phagocytosis
2) Forms phagocytic vessicle and allow phagosome lysosome fusion
3) Bacterium survives and multiples (No morula)

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2
Q

Describe Ehrlichiosis Pathenogenesis

A
  1. Ehrlichia start infection by inducing phagocytosis
  2. Forms phagocytic vesicle but prevents phagosome-lysosome fusion
  3. Replicates in the phagosome, forming morula (inclusion body containing organism)
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3
Q

Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (HGA) is caused by?

A

Anaplasma phagocytophilum

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4
Q

Clinical Manifestations: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

What causes rashes in RMSP?

A

As bacteria continues to replicate in the endothelial cells, it causes focal areas of obstruction (small thrombi) that weakens the vascular wall and cause leakage of RBC which causes rash

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5
Q

Clinical Manifestations: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Describe the progression of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

A

Begins on hands and feet and spreads inward to trunk (out to in)

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6
Q

Q Fever is caused by?

A

Coxiella burnetii

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7
Q

Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (HME) is caused by?

A

E. chaffeensis

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8
Q

Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis (HGE) is caused by?

A

E. ewingii

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9
Q

Describe Ehrlichiosis

Name different types

A

Ehrlichiosis is an infection of WBC

Types:
1. Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (HME)

  1. Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis (HGE)
  2. Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA)
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10
Q

R. typhi Causes

A

Endemic (Murine) Typhus

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11
Q

R. prowazekii causes?

Transmission?

A

Epidemic Typhus

Transmission: body louse (you scratch to allow infection in the body)

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12
Q

Population at risk to Q Fever

A

Farmers, butchers, vetnarians

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13
Q

Clinical Manifestations: Epidemic Typhus

Describe symptoms of Epidemic Typhus and progression of the disease

A

Fever, chills, headache, myalgia after about 8 days

Maculopapular rash on trunk and spreads to extremities

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14
Q

Describe Coxiella burnetii
Gram stain
Living patterns

A

Gram negative bacteria
Lives inside acidic lysosomes
Has “spore-like” characteristics making them stable in environment

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15
Q

Diagnosis: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Describe Stain
Describe Serology

A 
Stain:
Gram stain: stains poorly
Giemsa, Gimenez
Fluorescent antibody for biopsy tissue specimen
Serology:
Weil-Felix
IFA
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16
Q

Describe Coxiella Immunopathogenesis

A

LPS for Coxiella undergoes antigenic variation which mutates phase I antigen and phase II antigen is produced.

Ab response is marker for acute and chronic diseases
LPS is not toxic. It is used for diagnosis

Phase II antigens used for acute Q fever
Phase I and II antigens used for chronic Q fever

17
Q

Vector for Rickettsialpox?

Commonly found in?

A

Mouse mites

Found in Northeast U.S. cities

18
Q 
Describe Rickettsiae:
Name of the 4 Genus we are responsible for:
Gram Stain:
Shape:
Life Style:
A

Name of the 4 Species we are responsible for knowing:
Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and Coxiella
Gram Stain:
Gram-Negative
Shape:
Aerobic Coccobacilli (Rods)
Life Style:
Aerobic Small Obligate Intracellular (maintained in animal and arthropod reservoirs)

19
Q

Scrub Typhus is caused by?

Transmission?

A

Orientia (Rickettsia) tsutsugamushi

Transmitted by chiggers (mite larvae)

20
Q

Describe diagnosis differentiation between acute and chronic Q fever

A

Phase II antigens used for acute Q fever

Phase I and II antigens used for chronic Q fever

21
Q

Function of Phospholipase A

A

Phospholipase A degrades phagosome

22
Q

Epidemic Typhus caused by

A

R. prowazekii

23
Q

R. rickettsii Pathogenesis:
How to they infect?
Virulence Factor?

A 
R. rickettsii Pathogenesis:
How to they infect?
1. Enter through bite/abrasion
2. Infect endothelial cell by stimulating phagocytosis
3. Degrade Phagosome and enter cytoplasm
Virulence Factor?
Only Phospholipase A
24
Q

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is caused by what bacteria?

Transmission?

A

R. rickettsii

Transmitted by Ticks (main reservoir) and wild rodents

25
Q

Endemic (Murine) Typhus is caused by?

A

R. typhi

26
Q

Primary reservoirs for R. typhi is?

Transmission?

A

Rats are primary reservoir

Transmitted by rat flea

27
Q

Clinical Manifestations: Brill-Zinsser Disease

Describe symptoms of Brill-Zinsser Disease and progression of the disease

A

Recrudescent Epidemic Typhus
Symptoms are similar but milder than Epidemic Typhus
Occurs much after initial infection from epidemic typhus

28
Q

Rickettsialpox is caused by?

A

Rickettsia akari

29
Q

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is commonly found in?

Why is it called Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?

A

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is commonly found in the Southeast

Rocky Mountain is where the disease was first discovered

30
Q

Diagnosis for Ehrlichiosis?

A 
Serological test (IFA)
Wright stained blood smears to detect Morulae

Mainly, looking for geography, hemolytic patterns, and morula

31
Q

What is the primary test for Epidemic Typhus?

A

Serology

- Positive Weil-Felix

32
Q

Genus Rickettsia Replicates in?

A

The Cytoplasm

33
Q

Coxiella urnetii Infection

A

Through inhalation
Infects animals (goats, sheep, cattle, and cats)
- found in placenta and fecese of infected livestock
Ticks are NOT common vectors

34
Q

Ehrlichiosis is transmitted by?

A

Ticks!

35
Q

Diagnosis: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Why is Weil-Felix used in serology to identify RMSF even though it is not specific for the bacteria?

A

Weil-Felix is used to identify RMSF along with associated symptoms
Ths allows the patient to be treated as soon as possible since delayed treatment may lead to complications

36
Q

Rickettsia akari causes?

A

Rickettsialpox

MicroB test 3 (5 decks)

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