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Biomechanics PT > Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a vector

A

magnitude AND direction

deals with

  • displacement
  • velocity
  • acceleration
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2
Q

What is a scalar?

A

magnitude ONLY

deals with

  • distance
  • speed
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3
Q

what are (-) and (+) of Linear Kinematic?

A

up: (+)
down: (-)

right: (+)
left: (-)

forward/anterior :(+)
backward/posterior:(-)

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4
Q

what are (-) and (+) of angular Kinematic?

A

Counterclockwise (ccw)= (+)

clockwise (cw)= (-)

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5
Q

What is the right thumb rule

A

the thumb of your right hand points in the direction of the axis of rotation, and the curl your fingers is the positive direction of rotation.

point your thumb in either

  • right
  • up
  • forward

you fingers will then be pointing in the + direction

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6
Q

What is displacement

A

This is just how far you went from point A to point B in a straight line ( vector)

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7
Q

What is distance

A

this is the distance you took from the whole path (scalar)

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8
Q

What is angular displacement

A
  • change in angular position
  • the direction angular distance form initial to final angular position
  • the vector equivalent of angular distance
  • measured in units of degrees, radians, or roations
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9
Q

what is angular distance

A
  • sum of all angular changes
  • the scalar equivalent of angular displacement
  • measured in units of degrees, radians, or roations
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10
Q

What happens when you return to the same place as you started?

A

This would mean you would have and angular displacement of 0. just thing of then the forearm return to original position at the completion of a curl it really didnt go anywhere

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11
Q

what is the relationship btwn linear and angular displacement

A

the ↑ the radius btwn a give point on the rotating body and the axis of rotation. the ↑ the linear distance traveled by the point during an angular motion

  • think why at track meet they have to stagar people at the start
  • think of the slide with the triange and lengths

s=ro( sima)

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12
Q

What is Linear velociy

A

vector

  • this is the rate of change in location

v= change in displacement / change in time
- measured in m/s or km/hr

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13
Q

what is linear speed

A

scalar

  • distance covered over the them taken

s=distance /time
-measured in units of m/s or km/hr

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14
Q

what s angular velocity

A

Vector

  • the rate of change in angular position
angular velocity (w)= degree/ time 
-measured in degree/sec
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15
Q

what is angular speed

A

Scalar

-the rate of change in angular distance

angular speed ( sima)= angular distance / time 
- measured in degrees / sec
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16
Q

what is the relationship between linear and angular velocity?

A

since velocity is displacement over time, linear and angular velocity are related by the same factor that relates displacement : the radius of rotation ( r)

V=r* angular velocity( w)

17
Q

what is the relationship btwn linear and angular motion

A

the ↑ the angular velocity of a baseball bat, the farther a struck ball will travel, other conditions being equal

18
Q

What is acceleration

A

the rate of change in linear velocity

a= (v2-v1)/t
-measured in units of m/s^2

19
Q

what happens to the acceleration as you change directions and change speed

-Speeding up (right)

A

V (direction of motion)= (+)
change in motion ( speeding up or slowing down)= (+)
A ( direction of acceleration=(+)

20
Q

what happens to the acceleration as you change directions and change speed

-Not changing (right)

A

V (direction of motion)=(+)
change in motion ( speeding up or slowing down)= 0
A ( direction of acceleration=0

21
Q

what happens to the acceleration as you change directions and change speed

-slowing down (right)

A

V (direction of motion)=(+)
change in motion ( speeding up or slowing down)= (-)
A ( direction of acceleration=(-)

22
Q

what happens to the acceleration as you change directions and change speed

-speeding up (Left)

A

V (direction of motion)=(-)
change in motion ( speeding up or slowing down)= (+)
A ( direction of acceleration=(-)

23
Q

what happens to the acceleration as you change directions and change speed

-Not changing (Left)

A

V (direction of motion)=(-)
change in motion ( speeding up or slowing down)= 0
A ( direction of acceleration=0

24
Q

what happens to the acceleration as you change directions and change speed

-slowing down (Left)

A

V (direction of motion)=(-)
change in motion ( speeding up or slowing down)= (-)
A ( direction of acceleration=(+)

25
Q

what is Angular acceleration

A
  • the rate of change in angular velocity

angular acceleration (x)= ang. velocity(w)1 -ang. velocity(w)2/time

-measured in units of Degree/ Sec^2

26
Q

what is the relationship btwn linear and angular acceleration

A

the acceleration of a body in angular motion can be resolved into perpendicular linear acceleration and components

27
Q

Relationship between linear and angular motion

A

tangential acceleration

28
Q

what is tangentail acceleration

A 
component fo acceleration of angular motion directed along a tangent to the path of motion 
- and represents change in linear speed
at= v2-v1/ t 
or 
at=r*angular acceleration (x)
29
Q

Relationships btwn linear and angular motion

A

radial acceleration

30
Q

what is radial acceleration

A

component of acceleration of angular motion directed toward the center of curvature
- represents change in direction

ar= v^2/r

31
Q

Relationships btwn linear and angular motion

A

Read this slide page 4 on lecture 4

32
Q

What is angular kinematics

A
  • volitional movements performed through rotation of the body segments
  • the body is often analyzed as a collection of rigid, rotating segments linked at the joint centers
33
Q

LOOK AT THE LAST SLIDE OF LECTURE 4

A

this is dealing with out a joint is moving and looking at the degree it is in and seeing flexion and extension happening on a graph

Biomechanics PT (7 decks)

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