Lecture 4: Bioinformatics

Question 0

Orthologs

Answer 0

Homologous proteins that perform identical/similar functions in different species

Question 1

Bioinformatics

Answer 1

A way of storing, displaying, comparing, and analyzing biological data

Question 2

Paralogs

Answer 2

Homologous proteins that perform different functions within the same species

Question 3

How do you determine % homology and what % means the structures are homologous?

Answer 3

% Identity (invariant)
\+   % Similar (conserved)
------------------------------
     % Homologous
>40%=homology

Question 4

Invariant Substitution

Answer 4

Substitution where the amino acids are identical b/w comparing sequences

Question 5

Conserved Substitution

Answer 5

The substitution does not significantly alter structure/function b/c the new substituted amino acid is similar in structure (0 and above in blosum 62)

Question 6

Hypervariable Substitution

Answer 6

The substitution does not affect the structure or function of the sequence at all…may be many different amino acids when comparing multiple different sequences (- values on blosum 62)