Lecture 4 - Blood supply to the abdomen

Question 1

what region is the stomach in?

Answer 1

left hypochondriac, epigastric and umbilical regions

Question 2

what peritoneum covers the stomach?

Answer 2

• intraperitoneal, has greater and lesser omentum

Question 3

greater omentum

Answer 3

double fold, folded over so has 4 layers of peritoneum

Question 4

what is the stomach related to?

Answer 4

• anteriorly related to anterior abdominal wall, left lobe of liver and diaphragm
• transverse colon lies below stomach and bilaterally
• pancreas related in lesser curvature

Question 5

what region is liver and gallbladder in?

Answer 5

right hypochondriac and epigastric regions

Question 6

relations of the liver

Answer 6

• related to the diaphragm via superior vena cava so moves with breathing
• related to abdominal part of oesophagus

Question 7

falciform ligament

Answer 7

• double layered peritoneum and within is the round ligament of the liver
• splits where right layer covers right lobe and reflects onto diaphragm

Question 8

peritoneum of liver

Answer 8

falciform ligament is on the right and left side making the liver intraperitoneal
- bare area gas no peritoneum where there is a gap with diaphragm

Question 9

gallbladder attaches to the liver via the…

Answer 9

cystic duct

Question 10

caudate and quadrate lobe

Answer 10

functionally both form part of the left lobe but structurally part of the right lobe

Question 11

what is the main arterial supply to the liver?

Answer 11

porter hepatis

Question 12

hepatic portal vein

Answer 12

brings blood for detoxing before blood goes back to Heart

Question 13

where does bile produced by liver go?

Answer 13

travels via common hepatic duct and goes into gallbladder where gallbladder releases bile via cystic duct

Question 14

what region is the pancreas in?

Answer 14

• epigastric and left hypochondriac region (tail)
• lies of lumbar 1 and 2 vertrebrae
• head of pancreas sits within C shape of duodenum

Question 15

peritoneum of pancreas

Answer 15

is retroperitoneal apart from the tail which is intraperitoneal

Question 16

what is posterior to head of pancreas?

Answer 16

inferior vena cava, right and left renal veins and common bile duct

Question 17

what is behind the neck of the pancreas?

Answer 17

hepatic portal vein

Question 18

what is behind the body of the pancreas?

Answer 18

aorta and left kidney

Question 19

ampulla

Answer 19

where bile duct and main pancreatic duct join

Question 20

splenic artery

Answer 20

part of celiac trunk, comes off abdominal aorta that lies behind body of pancreas
supplies oxygenated blood to spleen and branches of the body and tail of pancreas

Question 21

superior mesenteric vein

Answer 21

lies behind neck of pancreas and combines with splenic vein to form hepatic portal vein

Question 22

what region is the spleen in?

Answer 22

left hypochondriac region

Question 23

spleen relations

Answer 23

• posterior to stomach
• has diaphragmatic surface more lateral
• related to spleen in medial region
• under cover of left 11th and 12th ribs

Question 24

functions of the spleen

Answer 24

• filters blood and presents any antigens of blood
• degrades lymphocytes and erythrocytes

Question 25

peritoneum of spleen

Answer 25

intraperitoneal

Question 26

notches

Answer 26

reduces blood pressure before arriving at spleen

Question 27

celiac trunk splits into...

Answer 27

common hepatic artery, splenic and left gastric artery

Question 28

left gastric artery supplies...

Answer 28

some of oesophageal branches

Question 29

splenic artery

Answer 29

few branches and supplies spleen -gives of short gastric arteries to supply fundus of stomach

Question 30

left gastroepiploic artery

Answer 30

supplies left side of curvature of stomach