Lecture 40 - Abdominal Vasculature

Question 1

the thoracic aorta becomes the ___ when it passes through the diaphragm at T12/the aortic hiatus

Answer 1

abdominal aorta

Question 2

runs parallel to the aorta on the left side

Answer 2

left sympathetic trunk

Question 3

abdominal aorta branches into the

Answer 3

common iliac arteries

Question 4

common iliac arteries divide into the

Answer 4

external and internal iliac arteries

Question 5

supply autonomic innervation to the abdominal and pelvic viscera

Answer 5

inter mesenteric plexus, superior and inferior hypogastric plexi

Question 6

provides blood to the upper 1/3 of GI tract

Answer 6

celiac trunk and branches

Question 7

3 branches of celiac artery

Answer 7

left gastric artery, splenic artery, common hepatic artery

Question 8

the splenic artery gives off the

Answer 8

left gastroepiploic artery, short gastric arteries, dorsal pancreatic artery, and greater pancreatic artery

Question 9

the common hepatic artery splits into the

Answer 9

hepatic proper artery and gastroduodenal artery

Question 10

the hepatic proper artery’s branches and what it gives off

Answer 10

right/left hepatic branches and cystic arterial branch

gives off: right gastric artery

Question 11

gastroduodenal artery gives off the

Answer 11

supra duodenal artery and right gastroepiploic artery

Question 12

supply and form an anastomosis along the lesser curvature of the stomach

Answer 12

the two gastric arteries

Question 13

supply and form an anastomosis along the greater curvature of the stomach

Answer 13

gastroepiploic arteries

Question 14

gastroepiploic artery also gives off the

Answer 14

anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries, which anastomose with the anterior and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries around the head of the pancreas

Question 15

supplies blood to the middle 1/3 GI tract

Answer 15

superior mesenteric artery

Question 16

5 main branches of superior mesenteric artery

Answer 16

jejunal, inferior pancreaticoduodenal, middle colic, right colic, and ileocolic arteries

Question 17

“arterial circles” within the mesentery

Answer 17

arterial arcades

Question 18

arterial arcades form __

Answer 18

vasa recta

Question 19

supplies blood to the inferior 1/3 of GI tract

Answer 19

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 20

3 main branches of the inferior mesenteric artery

Answer 20

left colic artery, sigmoid artery, superior rectal arteries

Question 21

paired visceral branches of abdominal aorta

Answer 21

middle suprarenal arteries (adrenal gland), renal arteries (kidneys), gonadal arteries (gonads - testicular or ovarian)

Question 22

non-paired branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the musculature of the abdominal cavity

Answer 22

inferior phrenic arteries (diaphragm; give off superior suprarenal a’s) and lumbar arteries (4 pairs to the posterior abdominal mx)

Question 23

sympathetic pre-vertebral ganglia

Answer 23

celiac ganglion, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia, left/right aorticorenal ganglia

Question 24

the pre-vertebral ganglia receive sympathetic preganglionics from the

Answer 24

splanchnic nerves

Question 25

the greater splanchnic nerve projects to the

Answer 25

celiac ganglion

Question 26

the lesser and least splanchnic nerves project to the

Answer 26

other pre-vertebral ganglia

Question 27

drains the GI tract from the lower third of the esophagus to the upper part of the anal canal

Answer 27

hepatic portal vein

Question 28

the hepatic portal system (HPS) is formed by the junction of the __ and the __

Answer 28

splenic vein and the superior mesenteric vein

Question 29

a fissure on the liver between the caudate and quadrate lobes

Answer 29

porta hepatis

Question 30

the portal venous blood flows via the hepatic circulation into the

Answer 30

inferior vena cava

Question 31

4 other small communications between the portal and the systemic systems (for if the portal becomes obliterated)

Answer 31

esophageal branches of the left gastric vein, superior rectal veins, paraumbilical veins, veins from ascending and descending colon

Question 32

the inferior vena cava passes through the diaphragm via the

Answer 32

caval hiatus

Question 33

draining into the IVC from the liver are the

Answer 33

right, left, and middle hepatic veins, and the right/left renal veins

Question 34

the right gonadal veins drains into the ___

Answer 34

IVC

Question 35

the left gonadal vein drains into the ___

Answer 35

left renal vein

Question 36

important relationship of ureters and arteries

Answer 36

the ureters cross the common iliac arteries at the point where they bifurcate into the external and internal iliac arteries