Lecture 41 - The Pelvic Viscera

Question 1

forms posterolateral wall of the pelvic diaphragm

Answer 1

piriformis

Question 2

forms anterolateral wall of the pelvic diaphragm

Answer 2

obturator internus

Question 3

smallest muscle of the floor of the pelvic diaphragm

Answer 3

coccygeus

Question 4

“the” pelvic diaphragm

Answer 4

levator ani

Question 5

3 parts of the levator ani

Answer 5

iliococcygeus (most posterior), pubococcygeus (most central), and puborectalis (most anterior)

Question 6

a part of the levator ani is termed the ___ in males or ___ in females

Answer 6

levator prostate

sphincter vaginae

Question 7

blend of parietal and visceral pelvic fascia

Answer 7

endopelvic fascia

Question 8

aponeurosis between levator ani and obturator internus

Answer 8

tendinous arch

Question 9

fibrous band between coccyx and anal canal

Answer 9

anococcygeal body

Question 10

inferior ligament in the pubic arch

Answer 10

arcuate pubic ligament

Question 11

behind arcuate pubic ligament

Answer 11

superior fascia of urogenital diaphragm

Question 12

contains lower abdominal viscera

Answer 12

false pelvis

Question 13

contains pelvic viscera

Answer 13

true pelvis

Question 14

blood supply of sigmoid colon

Answer 14

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 15

venous drainage of sigmoid colon

Answer 15

inferior mesenteric vein

Question 16

sigmoid colon ends at

Answer 16

S3

Question 17

sigmoid colon innervation

Answer 17

super and inferior hypogastric plexi (sympa/parasympa)

Question 18

blood supply of rectum

Answer 18

superior, middle, and inferior rectal arteries

Question 19

venous drainage of rectum

Answer 19

superior, middle, and inferior rectal veins

Question 20

innervation of rectum

Answer 20

inferior hypogastric plexus (sympa/parasympa)

Question 21

other name for transverse rectal folds

Answer 21

Houston’s valves

Question 22

dilated rectal veins

Answer 22

hemorrhoids

Question 23

below the pectinate line

Answer 23

external hemorrhoids

Question 24

above pectinate line

Answer 24

internal hemorrhoids

Question 25

found posterior to pubic bone and anterior to rectum (and below uterus in females)

Answer 25

urinary bladder

Question 26

the neck of the bladder is held in place by the

Answer 26

puboprostatic ligaments (males) and pubovesical ligaments (females)

Question 27

the walls of the bladder are made of the ___ muscle

Answer 27

detrusor

Question 28

the area between the openings of the two ureters and urethra is called the

Answer 28

trigone

Question 29

the neck of the bladder

Answer 29

internal sphincter

Question 30

innervation of bladder

Answer 30

inferior hypogastric plexus (sympa/parasympa)

Question 31

pelvic viscera in males

Answer 31

prostate, seminal vesicles, ductus (vas) deferens, bladder, rectum/anal canal

Question 32

the prostate is found __ to the bladder and __ to the urogenital diaphragm

Answer 32

posterior, superior

Question 33

secretes part of the seminal fluid into the prostatic ducts and urethra

Answer 33

prostate

Question 34

connective tissue lying between the prostate and the rectum

Answer 34

rectoprostatic fascia (of Denonviller)

Question 35

coiled glands lying on the posterior aspect of the bladder and secrete most of the ejaculate

Answer 35

seminal vesicles

Question 36

fold of peritoneum between rectum and bladder (in males)

Answer 36

rectovesicular pouch

Question 37

thick-walled tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts (where it meets the ducts of seminal vesicles)

Answer 37

vas deferens

Question 38

the ejaculatory ducts enter the urethra in the portion engulfed by the prostate, called the

Answer 38

prostatic urethra

Question 39

the terminal part of the vas deferent is dilated and is called the

Answer 39

ampulla of the vas deferens

Question 40

after the ductus deferens leaves the deep inguinal ring, it

Answer 40

runs lateral to the inferior epigastric artery, crosses the external iliac vessels, and enters urethra

Question 41

lie below the prostate in the urogenital diaphragm and open into the spongy urethra

Answer 41

Bulbourethral or Cowper's Glands

Question 42

3 parts of male urethra

Answer 42

prostatic, membranous, and penile/spongy urethra

Question 43

just below bladder, runs through the prostate

Answer 43

prostatic urethra

Question 44

runs through the urogenital diaphragm

Answer 44

membranous urethra

Question 45

longest part, starts just below urogenital diaphragm

Answer 45

penile or spongy urethra

Question 46

pelvic viscera - females

Answer 46

uterus, broad and round ligaments, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, bladder, rectum/anal canal

Question 47

a allow, pear-shaped organ with thick muscular walls

Answer 47

uterus

Question 48

uterus is anterior to the

Answer 48

rectouterine pouch (of Douglas)

Question 49

uterus is posterior to the

Answer 49

uterovesical pouch

Question 50

uterus is bound laterally by the

Answer 50

broad ligament

Question 51

the uterus can be found normally in __ and sometimes in __

Answer 51

anteversion (90 deg angle with vagina) | retroversion (170 deg angle with vagina)

Question 52

parts of the uterus

Answer 52

body, fungus, cervix, os, cavity, isthmus

Question 53

embryological remnant, runs through deep inguinal ring to the labia majora

Answer 53

round ligament of uterus

Question 54

3 layers of muscular walls

Answer 54

endometrium, myometrium, perimetrium

Question 55

folds of peritoneum that suspend the uterus bilaterally

Answer 55

broad ligaments

Question 56

the ovaries are attached to the broad ligament by the __ and are suspended in the pelvic cavity by the __

Answer 56

mesovarium | suspensory ligament

Question 57

the broad ligament between the mesovarium and uterine tubes is called the

Answer 57

mesoalpinx

Question 58

ligament to the levator ani laterally from cervix

Answer 58

transverse cervical

Question 59

ligament to the pubis from cervix

Answer 59

pubocervical

Question 60

ligament to the lower end of the sacrum from the cervix

Answer 60

sacrocervical

Question 61

responsible for the formation of the ova and female hormones

Answer 61

ovaries

Question 62

attaches the ovary to the uterus

Answer 62

ligament of the ovary

Question 63

uterine tubes are composed of

Answer 63

fimbria, infundibulum, ampulla, and isthmus

Question 64

function of uterine tubes

Answer 64

allow maturation of sperm, fertilization of ovum by sperm, transport egg back to uterus for implantation

Question 65

found at the distal end of the uterus, a muscular tube piercing the urogenital diaphragm

Answer 65

vagina

Question 66

parts of vagina

Answer 66

4 fornices surrounding the lumen of the uterus, vestibule, introits (opening)

Question 67

in females, the bladder is separated by the vagina from the

Answer 67

rectum