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PSYC3012 > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Case studies are NOT a

A

Research method

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2
Q

Case studies use a range of

A

Research methods

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3
Q

People get confused about case studies because

A

A case study can be not just one individual but focused on a particular unit ie an organisation, or group of ppl

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4
Q

Case studies used to:

A

Generate theory

To explore something in depth

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5
Q

Idiographic perspective is one if the identifying features of case studies. What is this?

A

Concern with particular (idiographic) rather than identifying general laws of behaviour.
Does not generalise results

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6
Q

Idiographic means

A

Particular

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7
Q

Nomothetic means

A

General

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8
Q

Attention to contextual data is one if the identifying features of case studies. What is this?

A

Holistic approach…considers things like what is happening in environment. Does not aim to replicate results.

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9
Q

Triangulation is one if the identifying features of case studies. What is this?

A

Integrates info from diverse sources (interviews, observations) to gain understanding of the phenomena/an overall answer
- use a range of research methods

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10
Q

Temporal element is one if the identifying features of case studies. What is this?

A

Investigations of occurrences over time

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11
Q

A concern with theory is one if the identifying features of case studies. What is this?

A

Facilitate theory generation. Data generated by case studies is often interpreted within the context of GT

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12
Q

What are the methods of data collection for case studies?

A
  • semi structured interview
  • participant observation
  • diaries
  • personal and official documents
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13
Q

Methods of case study data analysis include:

A

TA (theme analysis)
GT
IPA
FDA

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14
Q

Why can’t you use DA for case study data analysis??

A

Because you aren’t working with naturally occurring speech!

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15
Q

What are the 3 different case study designs?

A
  1. Intrinsic v. Instrumental
  2. Single v. Multiple
  3. Descriptive v. Explanatory
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16
Q

Why are there 3 different types of case study design?

A

They each allow the researcher to address different research q’s

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17
Q

In Intrinsic case studies the researcher wants to know about

A

The case in particular rather than a more general problem or phenomenon

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18
Q

Intrinsic case studies are pre-specified why?

A

The intrinsic interest pre-exists the research

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19
Q

Examples of intrinsic cases studies:

A

Patients with rare diseases

Clients with unusual problems

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20
Q

Instrumental case studies are contrasting to intrinsic case studies why?

A

Because the focus of general phenomenon.

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21
Q

In instrumental case studies cases are chosen to explore

A

How a phenomenon exists within a particular case

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22
Q

Single case studies are

A

Detailed investigation of a single case

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23
Q

Single case studies have an ………interest to the researcher

A

Intrinsic

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24
Q

Single case studies provide opportunity to test applicability of existing theory to

A

Real world data

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25
3 reasons to select a single case
- Critical test for well formulated theory - unique/extreme case of intrinsic interest to researcher - revelatory case that may have previously been inaccessible
26
Multiple case studies are great for
Banding together to create new theory
27
In multiple case studies your theory is developed and refined on the basis of
Comparative analysis of series of cases
28
In multiple case studies your theory is ..........to account for all instances of phenomenon revealed with each new case
Modified
29
Descriptive case studies provide
Detailed description of phenomenon within its context
30
The descriptive case studies the info is collect how?
Without changing the environment
31
The detail in descriptive case studies provides
New insights into and better understandings of phenomenon under investigation
32
What is an example if descriptive case study?
Ethnographies - conducted in the field
33
4 procedural issues with case studies
1. Selection of cases 2. Method of data analysis 3. Role of theory 4. Ethical concerns
34
Advantages of case studies. 4
1. Address a wide range of experiences, behaviours, phenomena 2. Rich data 3. High Eco validity 4. Versatile approach
35
Case study disadvantages: 1
Methodological triangulation (frameworks may be incompatible)
36
What are the first 2 features if observational research?
Extent to which observation is 1. covert and 2. Standardised/systematic
37
Second two features of observational research...
3. Extent to which observation occurs in natural setting and 4. How much observer takes part in activity bring observed.
38
Final feature of observational research
Extent to which observation involves self-observation (reflexivity )
39
Observational research involves watching individuals in 3 contexts.
Lab Field Participant (researcher as participant)
40
In Fully structured observation data is collected
Using systematic manner using grid recording systems and coding systems
41
Why is systematic data collection important?
- reliability of material collected | - ensures coding system used reliably
42
Naturalistic observation is where you investigate
Phenomenon of interest for a set period of time
43
In naturalistic research you try to work out
Patterns of behaviour related to a phenomenon of interest
44
Case studies are:
In depth (ALOT of data) and focused explorations of single cases
45
What are the 4 activities central to participant observation
- participation - documentation - informal interviewing - reflection
46
3 types of notes maintained in participant observation
1. Substantive notes 2. Methodological notes 3. Analytic notes
47
Substantive notes are
Descriptions of settings, events, people
48
Methodological notes are on the
Process of observation
49
Analytic notes are on
Data analysis and theory building
50
3 types if data recording
Note taking Video Coding
51
2 methods of data sampling
Event sampling | Time sampling
52
Event sampling involves looking at
One particular event or a behaviour
53
Time sampling looks at
Snapshots of time. Ie 15 secs every 5mins (taking in everything that is happening)
54
Narrative method is the way in which humans
Make sense if and order the chaos and disorder in their worlds
55
Through narrative we do 3 things
1. Define ourselves 2. Establish temporal continuity to the self 3. Distinguish ourselves from others
56
A narrative is an organised interpretation of
A sequence of events. It's linear ie beginning, middle, end
57
Narrative stories involve 2 things
Attributing agency to characters | Establishing causal links between events
58
Two functions of narrative are:
Emplotment | Creation of self identity
59
Whole purpose of emplotment is to
Bring order to disorder into a linear plot. How we make sense of things that are disordered in our life.
60
Narratives are often provisional. Why?
They are subject to change as new info is discovered
61
Out narratives are shaped by our
Social contexts
62
Groups also have narratives which shape
Group identities
63
Your particular narrative you tell is going to be slightly different depending on:
The type of audience you have | The broader social and cultural context
64
Narrative research method is
Unstructured interview
65
Episodic interview deals with a
Particular disruptive event
66
When going a narrative you must have the following details from the person:
- Biographical info - Background material about central participants in the participants narrative - detailed log for each interview
67
Descriptive read if the narrative involves you becoming
Familiar with structure and content Prepare short summary (beginning, middle, end) Identify sub-plots
68
Interpretive reading of your narrative involves looking at 5 issues:
``` Structure Tone (emotional flavour) Dominant themes Context Language ```

PSYC3012 (10 decks)

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