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a_anatomy > Lecture 5 - Brachium and elbow > Flashcards

Lecture 5 - Brachium and elbow Flashcards

1
Q

What joints make up the “elbow joint”?

A

Humero-ulnar and Radio-humeral joints

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2
Q

What bones make up the brachium?

A

humerus

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3
Q

What are the main joints in the brachium?

A

Glenohumeral and elbow

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4
Q

What are the three “spacial” compartments?

A

Lateral, caudal, and medial

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5
Q

What are the two action based compartments?

A

Flexor and extensor

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6
Q

What artery supplies the lateral compartment?

A

Suprascapular a.

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7
Q

What nerve supplies the lateral compartment?

A

Suprascapular a.

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8
Q

What artery supplies the medial compartment?

A

Subscapular a.

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9
Q

What nerve supplies the medial compartment?

A

Subscapular n.

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10
Q

What artery supplies the caudal compartment?

A

Caudal circumflex humeral a.

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11
Q

What nerve supplies the caudal compartment?

A

Axillary n. and Subscapular n.

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12
Q

What action is caused by the lateral compartment?

A

extension and stabilizing at GH

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13
Q

What action is caused by the medial compartment?

A

Adduction and extension at GH joint

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14
Q

What action is caused by the caudal compartment?

A

Flexion and lateral rotation at GH joint

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15
Q

What nerve supplies the flexor compartment?

A

Musculocutaneous n.

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16
Q

What artery supplies the flexor compartment?

A

Brachial a.

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17
Q

What nerve supplies the extensor compartment?

A

Radial n.

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18
Q

What artery supplies the extensor compartment?

A

Deep brachial a.

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19
Q

What action is caused by the flexor compartment?

A

Flexion (arm and forearm)

Supination (forearm)

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20
Q

What action is caused by the extensor compartment?

A

Extension (arm and forearm)

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21
Q

What is the primary job of the lateral, caudal and medial muscles?

A

move the GH joint

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22
Q

What is the primary job of the flexor and extensor muscles?

A

move the elbow joint

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23
Q

What is different about a horses forearm?

A

ulna and radius is fused

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24
Q

What are three structural landmarks that are different on the horse?

A

Interosseous space, distal end of ulna incorporated w/i radius, and radial tuberosity

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25
What three "joints" are within the elbow?
Radio-humeral joint Ulno-humeral joint Radio-ulnar joint
26
What interacts with both the radius and the ulna?
Condyle of humerus
27
What articulates with just the ulna?
trochlea
28
What articulates with just the radial head?
capitulum
29
What are the collateral ligaments in the elbow?
Lateral collateral, annular ligament of radius, and medial collateral ligament
30
What supports the elbow joint?
muscle, tendon, and collateral ligaments
31
What movements are allowed at the elbow joint?
Flexion and extension along sagittal plane | Pronation and supination of ulna
32
What is the characteristic of the pronation and supination in arboreal primates?
very marked
33
What is the characteristic of the pronation and supination in terrestrial quadrupeds?
very limited
34
What is the origin of the suprascapular n.?
C6-7
35
What muscles do the suprascapular n. innervate?
supraspinatus and intraspinatus
36
What is the origin of the axillary n.?
C8
37
What muscles do the axillary n. innervate?
Teres major, teres minor, deltoideus, distal brachiocephalicus
38
What is the origin of the musculocutaneous n.?
C7-8
39
What muscles do the musculocutaneous n. innervate?
Coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and brachialis
40
What is different about the musculocutaneous n.?
Has different path in dog, horse, and ungulates. (be sure to do over these)
41
What is the origin of the radial nerve?
C7-T1
42
What are the muscles innervated by the radial nerve?
Triceps brachii, anconeus, tensor fasciae antebrachii
43
What are the branches of the axillary a.?
Lateral thoracic a., Subscapular a., and caudal/cranial circumflex
44
What are the branches of the brachial a.?
Deep brachial a, collateral a., superficial brachial a., transverse cubital a., and common interosseous a.
45
What is different about the horses axillary a.?
has a suprascapular and throacodorsal branch
46
What is different about the horses brachial a.?
has a collateral ulnar and radial a.
47
What is the main vein that leaves the leg?
cephalic v.
48
What does the cephalic v. meet up with and through what?
External jugular v. via omobrachial v.
49
What muscles are in the lateral group?
Supraspinatus and infraspinatus
50
What muscles are in the caudal group?
Deltoideus, teres major, and teres minor
51
What are the parts of the deltoideus?
Scapular and acromial part
52
What muscles are part of the medial group?
subscapularis and coracobrachialis
53
What muscles are in the extensor group?
triceps brachii, tensor fasciae antebrachii, and anconeus
54
What are the heads of the triceps brachii?
lateral, medial, accessory, and long heads
55
What muscles are in the flexor group?
Biceps brachii and brachialis
56
Where does the proximal tendon of biceps brachii go along?
in the intertubercular sulcus
57
What holds the proximal tendon of the biceps brachii in place?
Transverse humeral retinaculum
58
What is different about the horse's bicep brachii?
Have fibrous band that joins the tendons of origin and insertion - internal tendon
59
What comes off the internal tendon?
Lacertus fibrosus
60
What is the characteristic of the lacertus fibrosus in standing and flexed animals?
Standing - taut | Flexed joint - slackened
61
What occurs when the lacertus fibrosus and the internal tendon work together?
maintain carpal joint in extension

a_anatomy (43 decks)

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