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Parasitology > Lecture 5: Flies and Myiasis > Flashcards

Lecture 5: Flies and Myiasis Flashcards

1
Q

diptera are

A

flies

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2
Q

diptera/flies characteristics: morphology, type of life cycle

A

1 pair of wings
1 pair of halteres = modified hindwings
complete/holometabolous metamorphosis = egg –> larvae –> pupa –> adult

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3
Q

diptera/flies: 3 main suborders

A

nematocera
brachycera
cyclorrhapha

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4
Q

what do all 3 suborders of diptera have in common

A

hematophagous
biting mouthparts

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5
Q

mosquitos, blackflies and midges are part of what suborder of diptera

A

nemaotcera

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6
Q

horseflies and deerflies are part of what suborder of diptera

A

brachycera

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7
Q

blowflies, botflies and face flies are part of what suborder of diptera

A

cyclorrhapha

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8
Q

myiasis definition

A

when larvae feed on host animal tissues

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9
Q

which diptera suborder includes myiasis species

A

cyclorrhapha

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10
Q

clinical importance of biting flies

A

inflammation –> pruritis –> scratching, rubbing,, biting –> alopecia, secondary bacterial infections, production losses

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11
Q

2 main effects of myiasis

A

tissue destruction
obstruction - respiratory passages, GI tract

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12
Q

diagnosis: detection of (4)

A

adults on/near host
larvae on/near host
larvae expelled in feces or from nose
eggs on host

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13
Q

how to preserve flies for taxonomic ID

A

70% ethanol

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14
Q

comprehensive control program targets (3)

A

reduce host exposure to adult flies + eliminate larvae/eggs on host
control existing environmental infestation of all life cycle stages
prevent re infection of host and/or environment

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15
Q

treatment and prevention of adult flies (4)

A

insecticides
oral insect growth regulators to disrupt life cycle
repellants, fly masks
shelter animals during peak hours of fly activity + prevent exposure to fly infested habitats

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16
Q

treatment and prevention of myiasis (3)

A

insecticides
macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin)
physical removal from host, clean wounds

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17
Q

environmental control: chemical control (3)

A

insecticides
insect growth regulators for larvae
smothering agents for mosquito larvae and pupae

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18
Q

environmental control: biological control (2)

A

parasitoid wasps feed on pupae of cyclorrhaphans
bacillus thuringiensis feed on larval stages

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19
Q

environmental control: source reduction

A

modify aquatic habitats of mosquito larvae

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20
Q

nematocera: 3 main genera of mosquitos

A

aedes
anopheles
culex

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21
Q

nematocera: main genus for blackflies

A

simulium

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22
Q

equine allergic dermatitis caused by (hint: nematocera)

A

culicoides midges

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23
Q

pathogens transmitted by nematocera mosquitos (3)

A

canine heartworm
plasmodium/malaria
WNE/EE

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24
Q

simulium blackflies feed on

A

blood of birds and mammals

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25
Q

aedes/anopheles/culex mosquitos feed on

A

mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians

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26
Q

parasitic protozoa species that use simulium blackflies to transmit disease (and what species are affected)

A

leucocytozooon species - poultry and birds

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27
Q

simuliotoxicosis: what caused by, affected species, effect

A

simulium blackflies
equids, ruminants, swine
anaphylactic shock

28
Q

nematocera midges: genus, host targets

A

culicoides species
mammals and birds

29
Q

what 2 parasites are associated with leucocytozoon species

A

simulium blackflies
culicoides midges

30
Q

nematocera sandflies: genera (2)

A

lutzomyia
phlebotomus

31
Q

new world vs old world sandlfies

A

lutzomyia = new world
phlebotomus = old world

32
Q

sandflies: target species (3)

A

mammals
birds
reptiles

33
Q

pathogen transmitted by sandflies

A

leishmania species

34
Q

clinical leishmaniasis found in what 2 species

A

humans
dogs

35
Q

types of flies found in nematocera (4)

A

mosquitos
blackflies
midges
sandflies

36
Q

2 main flies in brachycera

A

horseflies
deerflies

37
Q

genus: horseflies

A

tabanus

38
Q

genus: deerflies

A

chrysops

39
Q

pathogen transmitted by brachycera species (horseflies, deerflies)

A

trypanosoma species of ungulates

40
Q

which suborder of flies are biting flies

A

cyclorrhapha

41
Q

4 types of BITING flies within cyclorrhapha

A

horn flies
stable flies
keds/louse flies
tsetse flies

42
Q

3 main groups of cyclorrhapha flies (hint: behavior)

A

biting
non biting
myiasis causing

43
Q

horn flies genus

A

haematobia species

44
Q

stable flies genus

A

stomoxys species

45
Q

melophagus ovinus: type of fly

A

sheep ked fly
biting

46
Q

tsetse flies: genus

A

glossina species

47
Q

cyclorrhapha non biting flies (2)

A

face fly
housefly

48
Q

face fly genus

A

musca autumnalis

49
Q

pathogen transmitted by face fly

A

moraxella bovis

50
Q

housefly genus

A

musca domestica

51
Q

obligate myiasis

A

larvae require live host for food

52
Q

facultative myiasis

A

larvae eat carrion and sometimes infest live animals

53
Q

cyclorrhapha: myiasis causing flies (3)

A

flesh flies
blowflies
botflies

54
Q

which families of cyclorrhapha includes BOTH facultative and obligate myiasis causing species

A

flesh flies
blowflies

55
Q

obligate myiasis causing flies in cyclorrhapha: generic name and binomial

A

gray flesh fly = wohlfahrtia vigil
new world screwworm = cochliomyia hominivorax

56
Q

new world screwworm outbreak: where, date

A

2016
Key deer, FL

57
Q

common green bottle fly: scientific name

A

lucilia sericata

58
Q

lucilia sericata: generic name, what kind of myiasis, treatment

A

common green bottle fly
facultative myiasis
maggot debridement therapy

59
Q

botflies are agents of what kind of myiasis

A

obligate

60
Q

main types of botflies (3)

A

sheep nasal botfly
heel flies
horse botflies

61
Q

sheep nasal botfly: scientific name

A

oestrus ovis

62
Q

false gid is caused by what species of botfly

A

oestrus ovis = sheep nasal botfly

63
Q

heel flies: genus, what it causes in host

A

hypoderma species
SQ cysts (warbles) in bovids

64
Q

horse botflies: genus, what it causes in host

A

gaterophilus species
GI myiasis in equids

65
Q

cuterebra species: type of fly, what it causes in hosts, main complication in dogs and cats

A

Botfly
SQ cysts in rabbits/rodents
cerebrospinal cuterebriasis

Parasitology (10 decks)

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