Lecture 5 - Infectious Diseases Flashcards
(32 cards)
High virulence vs low virulence
High can cause disease in healthy populations
Low can only in susceptible populations
Steps of viral infection and replication
Attach
Penetrate
Reproduce
Assemble
Release
Name the 4 types of viral infections
- Transient Infections (Hep A Virus)
- Chronic Latent Infections (Herpes Simplex Virus)
- Chronic Productive Infections (Hep B)
- Transforming Infections (EBV, HPV)
What is HHV-1
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (mostly oral)
What is HHV-2
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (mostly genital) “#2 is poop, thing 2 is below the belt”
What is HHV-3
Varicella Zoster Virus
What is HHV-4
Epstein Barr Virus
What is HHV-5
Cytomegalovirus
What is HHV-8
Kaposi Sarcoma associated Virus
What percentage of US population has Ab to HSV?
80%
What is involved with Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis?
Fever, pain, headache, cervical lymphadenopathy, ulcerations, lesions, vesicles
What is another word for cold sores?
Recurrent Herpes Labialis (on the lip)
Where would you find recurrent intra-oral herpes?
Bound-down, immovable tissue (hard palate)
Where does one see Herpes Whitlow? Gladiatorum, autoinoculation, Keratitis
On the fingers, behind ears, around eyes, eyeball
What is recurrent aphthous stomatitis? Is it a virus?
It is mucosal destruction (canker sore), NOT VIRAL. T-lymphocyte mediated cytotoxic reaction
What 3 things go into the evolution of an apthous ulcer?
Erythematous Macule –> Ulceration –> Fibrinous Membrane
What causes Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis?
- SLS/Sodium Laurly Sulfate
- Stress
- Trauma
- Allergies
- Acidic food
- Gluten
- Endocrine Alterations
What are the clinical forms of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis?
Minor (isolated on NON-keratinized tissues) couple weeks
Major (>.5 cm) weeks to month, maybe scar
Herpetiform - Cluster of ulcers (mimics recurrent intra-oral herpes) non-keratinized on moveable mucosa (herpes is on masticatory mucosa) and no vesicles
What systemic diseases are associated with aphthous-like lesions
Behcet’s Syndrome
Reiter’s Syndrome
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn’s Disease)
Malabsorption Syndromes (Gluten sensitive enteropathy)
Cyclic Neutropenia
HIV/AIDS
What are the primary and recurrent infections associated with Varicella Zoster Virus?
Primary = Varicella/Chicken Pox
-Inhaling droplets
-Begins on face/truck
-Vesicles in waves
-No scarring
Recurrent = Herpes Zoster/Shingles
- Unilateral pain/paresthesia
- Scarring
- Bone Necrosis
Where does chicken pox enter its latent phase?
Dorsal spinal ganglion. Reactivated and moves to peripheral nerves of dermatomes as shingles
What are the 3 stages of pain associated with Shingles?
Prodromal Pain –> Acute Pain –> Chronic Post-Herpetic Neuralgia
Epstein Barr Virus.. Which HHV? What does it typically infect?
HHV-4, latency, tropism for B lymphocytes, infects epithelial cells of oral mucosa, throat
What are 4 associations of EBV (HHV-4)
- Infectious Mononucleosis
-Atypical Lymphocytes (Downey Cells), NOT monocytes - Lymphomas (Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL/Burkitt Lymphoma and HL)
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
- Oral Hairy Leukoplakia (NOT hairy tongue)
- Epithelial Hyperplasia (lateral border of tongue)
