Lecture 5 Pelvis Flashcards
3 main articulations of the hip bones
Sacrum- sacroiliac joint
Other hip bone- pubic symphysis
Head of the femur- Hip joint
3 parts of the hip bone
Ilium - largest and most superior
Pubis - anteromedial
Ischium - Posteroinferior
Difference between an adult’s and child’s hip bone
In children, the 3 parts of the hip bone are separated by the triradiate cartilage
Fusion = 15- 25 years old
Acetabulum
‘Socket’ made of parts of the ilium, pubis and ischium that articulates with the head of the femur
Covered in hyaline cartilage
Horseshoe shape- incomplete inferiorly (acetabular notch)
What shape is the internal surface of the ilium
concave (non gluteal surface)
iliac fossa
Margins of the iliac crest
ASIS to Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)
Obturator foramen
Enclosed by the superior and inferior rami of the pubis and ischium.
Structures that run through:
- Obturator nerve
- Obturator artery
- Obturator vein
Ischial tuberosities
Posterolateral aspect
What you sit on
Can be fractured if fall on bottom
Ischial spine
Above the ischial tuberosity
Which ligaments attach to the ischium
Sacrospinous ligament - From sacrum to ischial spine
- creates a greater sciatic foramen
Sacrotuberous ligament - From the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity
- creates the lesser sciatic foramen
Role of the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments
Limit rotation in the inferior sacrum when standing up
What type of joint is the hip joint
Ball and socket synovial joint
Head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum
Role of hip joint
Allow motility of the lower limb
Does not weaken the lower limb to support body weight
Acetabulum labrum
Fibrocartilaginous collar that encircles the acetabulum
- Deepens acetabulum
- More secure fit for the femoral head > 50% of head
- Increases articular contact area by 10%
- Stabilises joint (less motile)
Acetabular notch
Contains fibroelastic fat covered with synovial membrane
