Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PT9111 - Test 4 > Lecture 54 - Pharmacology 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 54 - Pharmacology 2 Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the 3 types of cardiovascular drugs

A
  1. Anti-hypertensives
  2. Vasodilators
  3. Cholesterol lowering agents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

All ACE inhibitors end in

A

-prils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Function of ACE inhibitors

A

Blood pressure lowering drugs which increase supply of blood to heart reducing after load (resistance of heart pumping out blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the adverse reactions of ACE inhibitors

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Excess potassium in blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How common is a cough with ACE inhibitors and why

A

Dry, persistent cough occurs because ACE inhibitor pathway inhibits bradykinin (up to 40%) triggering coughing reflex-> will occur the entire time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) end in

A

-sartans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T or F: ARBs have the same function as ACE inhibotrs

A

T, Blood pressure lowering drugs which increase supply of blood to heart reducing after load (resistance of heart pumping out blood)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the advantaged of ARB’s over ACE Inhibitors

A

Have same adverse reactions except NO COUGH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are 4 types of beta blockers

A
  1. Cardioselective (only need to know this one but be aware of others)
  2. Non-selective
  3. With alpha blocking
  4. With ISA (intrinsic sympathomimetic activity)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Beta blockers end in

A

-lols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do beta blockers do

A

Cause bronchoconstriction and decreases heart rate and blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the adverse reactions of betablockers and key things to watch out for with comorbidities (2)

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 6 symptoms of hypoglycemia

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is important about taking beta blockers and being diabetic

A

Beta blockers mask all symptoms of hypoglycemia except sweating, so diabetics must watch out for sweating if on beta blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Alpha agonists function

A

Dilate blood vessels and decrease blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Alpha agonists end in

A

-zosins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the adverse effects of alpha agonists

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the function of vasodilator drugs

A

Relax smooth muscle and open up vasculature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the 2 main types of vasodilator drugs

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the adverse reactions of vasodilator drugs

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the 3 main types of diuretics

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the function of diuretics

A

-Used to help with patients who are retaining fluid and have congestive heart failure (remove fluid)
-Support kidneys in removing water from body but can cause electrolyte loss or gane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the adverse reactions of diuretics

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the function of cholesterol lowering agents
Lower cholesterol and reduce cardiovascular mobility especially after strokes or other cardiovascular events
26
Cholesterol reducing agents end in
-statins
27
What is the difference between short and long half life of cholesterol lowering agents
Long half life = given any time of day Short half life = given in evening after dinner so it peaks when body is producing highest level of cholesterol
28
What are the adverse reactions of cholesterol reducing agents
Rhabdomyolysis = break down of muscle
29
What are 3 practical points for PT's to keep in mind in terms of cardiovascular drugs
30
What are the 2 types of respiratory drugs
1. Bronchodilators 2. Corticosteroids (inhaled or oral)
31
Bronchodilator function (Short Acting Beta Agonists)
-Reverse bronchoconstriction by decreasing smooth muscle tone -Beta-agonist = do opposite of beta blockers
32
What are the 2 types of bronchodilators
33
What are the adverse reactions and key points of bronchodilators (2)
1) Use 10-15 mins before exercise to help with performance 2) Should be used no more than 4 x a wekk and if so need to up prescription
34
Anticholinergics function
-Used in COPD where bronchoconstriction is destructive vs restrictive -Block cholinergic receptors
35
What are the 2 types of anticholinergics
36
What are the adverse reactions of anticholinergics
37
What is the function of anti-inflammatory (oral and inhaled corticosteroids)
-Preventer medications -Started at onset of cold or worsening asthma
38
Types of anti-inflammatory (inhaled corticosteroids)
39
What are the adverse reactions of anti-inflammatory (inhaled corticosteroids)
40
T or F: You cannot combine different bronchodilators and anti-inflammatories
F, you can
41
What are the types of anti-inflammatory (oral corticosteroids)
42
What are the adverse reactions of anti-inflammatory (oral corticosteroids)
ST/MC = most common and short term
43
What are 3 practical points to keep in mind for PT's in regards to respiratory drugs
44
Multimodal pain management
45
What are the 6 benefits of multi-modal pain management
46
What are common types of adjuvant drugs and their role (8)
47
Anticonvulsants (carbamazepine) role, mechanism and adverse reactions
48
Anticonvulsants (Gabapentin/pregabalin) role, mechanism and adverse reactions
49
Antidepressants (amitriptyline/Nortriptyline) role, mechanism, and adverse reactions
50
Antidepressants (Venlafaxine/Duloxetine) role, mechanism, and adverse reactions
51
Benzodiazepines functions
Increase GABA
52
What are the 2 types of benzodiazepines
53
Why are so many people with chronic pain put on benzodiazepines
Many patients are put on these because of anxiety because anxiety increases pain and outflow of pain and benzodiazepines fix that (dysphoric)
54
When should you prescribe short acting vs long acting diazepines
55
What are 2 types of muscle relaxants
56
What is the function of centrally-acting muscle relaxants and how do you intake them
57
What is the function of direct acting muscle relaxants and how do you intake them
58
What are 3 practical points for PT's to keep in mind in terms of adjuvant drug therapy
59
What is the role, dosage, and effect length of steroid injections
60
What are the adverse reactions of steroid injections
61
What is the practical point for PT's in terms of steroid injections

PT9111 - Test 4 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions