Lecture 6 Flashcards
(30 cards)
reduction is the process that occurs when…
- compound loses oxygen - compound gains hydrogen - element gains electrons.
define anthrosphere;
can be referred to as the sum of human acitvites and processes.
define redox reaction:
one or more elements change oxidation number
oxidizing agent:
is reactant molecule that causes oxidation. - contains element reduced
difference between contaminant and pollutant:
The Contaminant is the substance that was introduced by man into the environment by any means while the pollutant may be induced by man or may be present in the natural environment. The Contaminant is a term mostly used to the sources of pollution that are caused due to substances that have been made by human beings.
define geopshere
inorganix component of the environment
How can water dissolve polar and non-polar compounds?
water has a di-fold positive on one end and negative on the other.
what is the effects and significance of water… Max density as a liquid at 4 degrees C
ice floats; vertical circulation in bodies of water
define biosphere:
consists of all life forms and the components necessary for their formation.
what is the effects and significance of water… Higher heat of latent fusion than any other liquid except ammonia
Temperature stablizied at freezing point of water
reducing agent:
is reactant molecule that causes reduction - contains the element oxidized
what is the effects and significance of water… Transpot to visible and longer wavelenfth fraction of UV light
Colourless so that light required for photosynthesis reaches considerable depths in bodies of water
what does the atmosphere do?
moderate temperatue, absorobs energy
define hydrosphere:
represented by fresh water and oceans.
define xenobitoic compound:
matter not normally part of an organisms environment.
what is the effects and significance of water… Higher heat of evaporation than any other material
Determines transfer of heat and water molecules between the atmosphere and bodies of water
sediments are generally considered part of the ————
hydrosphere
what is the effects and significance of water… Highest dielectric constant of any common liquid
high solubility of ionic substances and their ionization in solution
oxidation occurs when:
- element loses electrons - compound adds oxygen - compound loses hydrogen
define lithospherE:
is the part of the geosphere directly involved with environmental processes and in contact with the other compartments
geosphere is generally called the what?
lithosphere
what are theee important properties of water?
- forms hydrogen bonds with itself and other compounds in solution 2. it is a polar molecule 3. unusual thermal protieries like a high heat capacity and high latent heat of fusion and evaporation and a good thermal conductor
what is the order from weakest to strongest intermolecular forces?
- Dispersion 2. Dipole-dipole 3. Hydrogen bonding 4. Ion-dipole 5. Ion-Ion
The density of ice is less than density of liquid water, what does this mean for our pipes?
Pipes have to be below frost line
