Lecture 6: Chromosomes, Genomes, and Genes Flashcards
(9 cards)
1
Q
Chromosomes
A
Genetic material (DNA) packaged with histone proteins in discrete units (nucleosomes)
2
Q
A
3
Q
What does a Centromere do?
A
Joins two chromatids; can be central or off center
4
Q
What are chromosomes categorized by?
A
Since, Centromere location, and band patterns
5
Q
Telomeres
A
repetitive, non-coding DNA sequences at arm tips
6
Q
Gene
A
nucleotide sequence that codes for a functional polypeptide (affect traits), as opposed to “junk DNA”
7
Q
Genome
A
The entire genetic sequence of an organism (all chromosomes, all nucleotides); chromosome numbers vary by species.
8
Q
Kayotypes
A
Photograph of entire set of an organism’s chromosomes.
9
Q
What are Karyotypes used for?
A
Diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities
