Lecture 7 - Androgens and steroids

Question 1

Testosterone synth.

1. Cholesterol to pregnenolone via _____
2. pregnenolone to 17-hydroxyprog via ____.
3. 17-hydroxyprog to DHEA or androstenedione via _____
   - ->testosterone via 17beta hydroxysteroid DH or 3-beta hydroxy steroid DH

Answer 1

cholesterol desmolase;
17alpha hydroxylase;
17,20-Lyase

Question 2

testosterone is converted to DHT via _____. androgens bind to a _____ receptor

Answer 2

5 alpha reductase;

nuclear

Question 3

androgens are carried in the circulation bound to ____ with high affinity, or to ____ with low affinity

Answer 3

SHBG;
albumin

only free is active

Question 4

SHBG:

increased by ____ and ____; high level causes _____ in men;

Answer 4

estrogen, thyroid hormone;

gynecomastia

Question 5

androgens are metabolized in the liver to inactive ____; these are excreted as conjugates of ____ and sulfuric acids

Answer 5

17-ketosteroids;

glucuronic

Question 6

natural testerosterone is inactivated in the liver when given ____ or _____

Answer 6

orally, parenterally

Question 7

androgen preparartions:
type A are _____. they are released ____ into the blood stream.

type b are _____. these can cause ____ Damage

type C have changes in the _____

Answer 7

esterified, slowly;

17a-alkalated;
liver;

ring structure

Question 8

androgen replacement therapy can be used to treat hypogonadism due to _____ dysfunction (primary) or ____ defect (secondary)

Answer 8

Leydig cell;

pituitary

Question 9

testosterone causes differentiation of the ____ genitalia, except for the ___.

DHT causes differentiation of the ____ genitalia, plus the ____

Answer 9

internal, prostate;

external, prostate

Question 10

androgens:
cause ____ of epiphyseal plates via _____ converted from ____.

increase ____.

cause growth spurt

Answer 10

closure;
estrogen, testosterone;

libido

Question 11

side effects of androgens:

____ actions in women in children; ____ atrophy; increase ___ and decrease ____

Answer 11

masculinization;
gonadal;
LDL, HDL

can increase prostate/breast cancer

Question 12

ketoconazole, spironolactone, and continuous GnRH all work by _____

Answer 12

inhibiting androgen synth via inhibition of cholesterol desmoloase

Question 13

finasteride (and dutasteride) is a ____ inhibitor. used for ___ and _____

Answer 13

5 alpha reductase;

BPH, male pattern baldness

Question 14

Flutamide and cyprotereone (also cimetidine bicalumatide, and nilutamide) all work by ____. used for ?

Answer 14

competitively inhibiting androgen receptor binding;

prostate cancer

Question 15

spironolactone specifically inhibits what three things?

Answer 15

steroid binding, 17,20 desmolase, 17alpha hydroxylase

Question 16

ketoconazole specifically inhibhits what 2 things?

Answer 16

17,20 desmolase, 17alpha hydroxylase

Question 17

main use of cimetidine?

can be used to treat ____ in women

Answer 17

H2 antagonist (peptic ulcers);

hirsutism

Question 18

abiraterone works by inhibiting the activity of ______ and is used to treat _____

Answer 18

17alpha hydroxylase;

prostate cancer