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Functional Anatomy > lecture 7 elbow and wrist > Flashcards

lecture 7 elbow and wrist Flashcards

1
Q

the elbow is composed of

A

Humerus
radius
ulna

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2
Q

joints of the elbow

A

ulnohumeral joint
radiohumeral joint
forearm joint: proximal radioulnar joint

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3
Q

ulnohumeral and radiohumeral ligaments

A

articular capsule, medial collateral ligament, lateral collateral ligament

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4
Q

proximal radioulnar ligaments

A

annular ligament- holds the head of the radius against the ulna

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5
Q

interosseous membrane

A

interconnects radius and ulna

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6
Q

movements of the elbow

A

flexion and extension

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7
Q

flexors of the elbow

A

biceps brachii
brachial
brachioradialis

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8
Q

biceps brachii
origin
insertion
action

A

origin: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
SH: tip of the coracoid process
insertion: radial tuberosity and fascia of the forearm
action: spuinwtes the forearm and flexes the elbow. short head resists dislocation of the shoulder

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9
Q

brachialis

A

origin: distal 1/2 of the anterior humerus
insertion: coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna
action: flexes the elbow in all positions

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10
Q

brachioradialis

A

origin: proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
insertion: lateral surface of the distal end of humerus
action: flexes elbow joint, in semi-pronated position

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11
Q

articular capsule

A

encloses all three articulations

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12
Q

medial collateral ligament

A

provides resistance to valgus forces

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13
Q

later collateral ligament

A

provides resistance to various forces

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14
Q

extensors of the elbow

A

triceps brachii
anconeus

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15
Q

triceps brachii

A

Origin: Long Head – infraglenoid
tubercle of the scapula.
* Lateral Head – Posterior surface of
the humerus, superior to the radial
grove.
* Medial Head – Posterior surface of
the humerus, inferior to the radial
groove.
* Insertion: Proximal end of the
olecranon of the ulna and fascia of
the forearm.
* Action: Primary extensor of the
elbow joint. Long head resists
dislocation of the shoulder,
especially during adduction.

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16
Q

anconeus

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
insertion: lateral surface of the olecranon and superior part of the posterior surface of the ulna
action: assistis triceps in extending the elbow and stabilizes elbow, may abduct the ulna during pronation

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17
Q

actions of the forearm

A

pronation and supination

18
Q

supination of the forearm

A

biceps brachii
supinator

19
Q

supinator

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial
collateral and annular ligaments, supinator
fossa and crest of ulna
* Insertion: Lateral, posterior and anterior
surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius
* Action: Supinates forearm (i.e., rotates radius
to turn palm anteriorly)

20
Q

pronators of the forearm

A

pronator quadratus
pronator teres

21
Q

pronator quadratus

A

Origin: Distal ¼ of anterior surface of
the ulna
* Insertion: Distal 1/4 of anterior
surface of radius
* Action: Pronates forearm; deep fibers
bind radius and ulna together

22
Q

pronator teres

A

Origin: Humeral head: Medial
Epicondyle of the humerus.
* Ulnar Head: Coronoid process of the
ulna.
* Insertion: Middle convexity of the
lateral surface of the radius
* Action: Pronates the Forearm and
Flexes the Elbow

23
Q

the wrist is composed of

A

ulna
radius
carpals

24
Q

the carpals

A

scaphoid
lunate
triquetrum
pisiform
ttrapezium
trapezoid
capitate
hamate

25
Q

joints of the wrist

A

radiocarpal
mid carpal
inter carpal

26
Q

radoiocarpal joint: ligaments

A

posterior (dorsal) = restrains flexion
anterior (palmar)= restrains extension
radial collateral= restrains ulna deviation
ulnar collateral= restrains radial deviation

27
Q

carpal joints: ligaments

A
  1. Anterior & Posterior Interosseous Carpal
    Ligaments
    * holds carpal bones together - reinforced by
    the shape and interlocking structure of the
    bones
  2. Flexor Retinaculum
    * The roof of the carpal tunnel which the median
    nerve and flexor tendons pass through
28
Q

carpal tunnel

A

created by flexor Retinaculum
4 “Pillars”
* Hook of the Hamate
* Pisiform
* Ridge of the Trapezium
* Scaphoid Tubercle
Contains 9 tendons & 1 Nerve
* Flexion will decrease size of the tunnel. Extreme extension
will also decrease the size of the tunnel

29
Q

movements of wrist

A

flexion/ extension, radial deviation/ ulnar deviation

30
Q

flexors of the wrist

A

flexor carpi radialis
flexor carpi ulnaris
palmaris longus

31
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

Origin: Humeral Head- Medial
Epicondyle of the humerus.
* Ulnar Head – Olecranon and posterior
border of the Ulna.
* Insertion: Pisiform, hook of the hamate
and 5th metacarpal bone
* Action: Flexes & ulnarlly deviates Wrist
Joint

32
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A

Origin: Medial Epicondyle of the
humerus.
* Insertion: Base of the 2nd
Metacarpal
* Action: Flexes & radially deviates
Wrist Joint

33
Q

palmaris longus

A

Origin: Medial Epicondyle of the humerus.
* Insertion: Distal half of the flexor
retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis.
 Action: Flexes the wrist and tightens the
palmar aponeurosis

34
Q

extensors of the wrist

A

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
* Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
* Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

35
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
* Insertion: Base of 2nd metacarpal
* Action: Extend and radially deviates the wrist
joint

36
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of
humerus
* Insertion: Base of 3rd
metacarpal
* Action: Extend and radially
deviates the wrist joint

37
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna
insertion: base of 5th metacarpal
action: extends ulnarlly hand at wrist joint

38
Q

ulnar deviators of the wrist

A

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris*
* Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

39
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

origin: humeral head- medial epicondyle of the humerus
ulnar head- olecranon and posterior border of the ulna
insertion: pisiform, hook of the hamate and 5th metacarpal bone
action: flexes & ulnarlly deviates wrist joint

40
Q

redial deviators of the wrist

A

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus*
* Flexor Carpi Radialis

41
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
* Insertion: Base of 2nd metacarpal
* Action: Extend and radially deviates the wrist
joint

42
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A

Origin: Medial Epicondyle of the
humerus.
* Insertion: Base of the 2nd
Metacarpal
* Action: Flexes & radially deviates
the Wrist Joint

Functional Anatomy (21 decks)

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