Lecture 8 Flashcards
(7 cards)
Bowlby’s 44 thieves
- 1944
- 61% suffered early prolong separation from mothers
- Maternal deprivation
Bowlby key features
- Innate
- Social releasers
- Critical period
- Secure base
- Monotropy
- Internal working model
Formation of early attachments phases (Bowlby) 1969
- Phase 1 = before 3 months = signals and response to others with limited discrimination
- Phase 2 = 3-6 months - signals and response to one or more discriminatory figures, greats on return and cries on departure
- Phase 3 = 9 months-2 years, proximity to discriminative figure
- Phase 4 = 2 and a half years- goal corrected partnership, insight into attachment figures behaviour and internal working model develops
Strange situation
- 1-2 year olds
- Secure attachment (B)= 70%
- Avoidant (A) = 20%
- Resistance (C) = 10%
Nurture = Parental Sensitivity
- Ainsworth (1978) = parents that demonstrated higher sensitivity more likely to develop SA
- De Wolff and Van Ijzendoorn (1997) = meta analysis of 21 studies = moderate association correlation coeffciient of 0.24
Nature = Child’s Temperament
-Groh et al (2017) = children with negative temperament = more likely to have insecure attachment
= 40 studies = resistant nad negative temperament = d = 9.27 (correlated)
- Kagan (1982) = infant temperament influences quality of attachment in strange situation
BUT temperament linked to environment?
- Morris et al (2007) = children copy how parents regulate emotions
- Belsky and Pluess (2009) = temperament influenced by parenting style they receive = hostile parenting more likely to have negative emotions
Nature = Attachment type
-Gervai (2009) = meta analysis = children’s susceptibility to parenting environment depends partly on genetic differences
= nature effect on how children interact with their parents = impact on type of attachment they develop
BUT
- meta analysis = parenting accounted for 1/3 of variance in attachment
