Lecture 8: Part 3

Question 1

partially movable joints are called

Answer 1

amphiarthroses

Question 2

immovable joints are called

Answer 2

synarthroses

Question 3

an example of synarthroses

Answer 3

skull

Question 4

what are the 5 functions of the bones?

Answer 4

1. Framework
2. Protection
3. Movement
4. Mineral storage
5. Blood Cell formation

Question 5

epidermal seal found in nonliving layer in protochordates, lungfishes, and larval amphibians

Answer 5

cuticle

Question 6

epidermal seal found in mucous- found in fish and amphibians

Answer 6

mucoid coat

Question 7

epidermal seal found in all, but more pronounced in terrestrial vertebrates

Answer 7

keratin

Question 8

circles of the bone is called

Answer 8

lamella

Question 9

circles of the bone with central canals

Answer 9

Haversian system

Question 10

a compact bone that contains blood vessels and nerves

Answer 10

central canal

Question 11

blood vessels and nerves go through lamellar bone to supply lacunae

Answer 11

perforating small canals

Question 12

osteocytes reside in the space called

Answer 12

lacuna

Question 13

• is a form of movement especially of
  amoebas and other unicellular forms
• it is also found in many wandering cells of
  metazoans

Answer 13

ameboid movement

Question 14

What do ameboid cells send out and withdraw from any point in the cell to change their shape? It is also known as “false feet”

Answer 14

pseudopodia

Question 15

• Are minute, hairlike, motile processes that extend from the surfaces of the cells of
  many animals.
• Found in all major groups of animals.

Answer 15

cilia

Question 16

Is a whiplike structure longer that a cilium and usually present singly or in small
numbers at one end of a cell.

Answer 16

flagellum

Question 17

flagellum can be found in

Answer 17

• members of flagellate protists
• animal spermatozoans
• sponges.

Question 18

muscular movement depends mostly on what system?

Answer 18

actinomyosin system

Question 19

types of invertebrate muscles

Answer 19

• striated
• smooth
• fibrilar

Question 20

types of vertebrate muscles

Answer 20

• Smooth
• striated (cardiac and skeletal)

Question 21

• is the anatomical system of a species that allows it to move.
• in vertebrates, it is controlled through the nervous system, although some muscles can be completely autonomous.

Answer 21

muscular system

Question 22

what are the functions of a muscle?

Answer 22

• provide strength
• balance
• posture
• movement
• heat to keep the body warm

Question 23

is a tissue composed of long, cylindrical,
multinucleate muscle fibers.

Answer 23

skeletal muscle

Question 24

what are the two muscle proteins?

Answer 24

myosin and actin

Question 25

are a large superfamily of motor proteins that move along actin filaments, while hydrolyzing ATP.

Answer 25

myosin

Question 26

is the most abundant protein in the typical eukaryotic cell, accounting for about 15% in some cell types.

Answer 26

actin

Question 27

- is a syncytium by intercalated disc - unique variety of striated muscle tissue. - capable of contracting without neural stimulation.

Answer 27

cardiac muscle tissue

Question 28

Cardiac Muscle Tissue contains

Answer 28

myofibrils and filaments of actin and myosin

Question 29

what does smooth muscle tissue consist of>

Answer 29

* fusiform * uninucleate, * myofibrils

Question 30

smooth muscle tissue lacks

Answer 30

cross-striations

Question 31

What do you call the process of bone formation?

Answer 31

ossification

Question 32

Where are osteocytes produced?

Answer 32

lamella

Question 33

What do you call the stem cells of the osteoblast?

Answer 33

osteogenic cell

Question 34

What do you call the plasma membrane of muscles?

Answer 34

sarcolemma

Question 35

What do you call the cytoplasm of muscle cells?

Answer 35

sarcoplasm

Question 36

The functional unit of contraction

Answer 36

sarcomere

Question 37

Spongy spaces are occupied by

Answer 37

red marrow

Question 38

Spaces in the diaphysis are occupied by

Answer 38

yellow marrow

Question 39

Most bone develops from cartilage and is called

Answer 39

endochondral (“within-cartilage”) or replacement bone

Question 40

All bone develops first as -- , but some bones, through further deposition of bone matrix, become --.

Answer 40

spongy bone; compact