Lecture 9

Question 1

Inflorescence Main Classifications

Answer 1

Determinate, indeterminate

Question 2

Gynoecium

Answer 2

carpels

Question 3

Androecium

Answer 3

stamens

Question 4

Corolla

Answer 4

petals

Question 5

Calyx

Answer 5

sepals

Question 6

Receptacle

Answer 6

Below part of floral structure

Question 7

Spiral vs Whorled Arrangement

Answer 7

Whorled is more common

Question 8

Radial Floral Symmetry

Answer 8

2+ planes

Question 9

Bilateral Floral Symmetry

Answer 9

1 plane

Question 10

Asymmetrical Floral Symmetry

Answer 10

No plane

Question 11

Goodeniaceae

Answer 11

fan-flowers, bilabiate, pseudo-radial

Question 12

Stamens Fuse with Corolla

Answer 12

adnation

Question 13

Corolla Fuse

Answer 13

connation

Question 14

Perianth

Answer 14

Calyx + Corolla

Question 15

Perianth Function

Answer 15

Protection, Attraction of pollinators

Question 16

Androecium Includes? (stamen)

Answer 16

Filament, Anther

Question 17

Androecium Evolution

Answer 17

Laminar stamens with multiple vascular bundles to filamentous stamens with one vascular bundle

Question 18

Vascular Bundle

Answer 18

Transport system in vascular plants. The transport itself happens in vascular tissue (xylem and phloem)

Question 19

Vascular bundle and pollen sacs in?

Answer 19

Androecium

Question 20

Pollen Sac

Answer 20

Anther. The structure in seed plants in which pollen is produced. Usually 4 pollen sacs in each anther

Question 21

Gynoecium include?

Answer 21

Stigma, Ovary, Style, Ovule

Question 22

Apocarpous vs Syncarpous

Answer 22

Apocarpous flowers contain two or more distinct carpels. In syncarpous flowers, two or more carpels are fused together (connate)

Question 23

Position of ovary relative to attachment of organs, Superior

Answer 23

Hypogynous

Question 24

Position of ovary relative to attachment of organs, Half inferior

Answer 24

Perigynous

Question 25

Position of ovary relative to attachment of organs, Inferior

Answer 25

Epigynous

Question 26

Heterostyly

Answer 26

styles of different lengths relative to the stamens in the flowers. Reduce Self-fertilization

Question 27

Dioecious species

Answer 27

Distinct male and female individual organism

Question 28

Monoecious species

Answer 28

Same plants have both male and female flowers

Question 29

Abiotic pollination

Answer 29

Wind

Question 30

Biotic Pollination

Answer 30

Bees, Pigments, Head/capitulum inflorescences, extrafloral attractors, color change after pollination, Hummingbirds, Butterflies, bats and lemurs, deception

Question 31

Three Pigments

Answer 31

Anthocyanins, Flavinols, Carotenoids

Question 32

Primary Pigment

Answer 32

Anthocyanins

Question 33

Why plants advertise in color spectrum

Answer 33

Insects see in a different spectrum than we do

Question 34

Hummingbirds Pollination

Answer 34

Vivid colors (red), No odor, Nectar with sucrose in deep corolla tubes or spurs, No nectar guides, No landing surface

Question 35

Bees Pollination

Answer 35

Nectar in narrow deep corolla tubes or spurs, Weak odors, Vivid colors, Nectar guides

Question 36

Bats/Lemurs Pollination

Answer 36

Flowers open at night, creamy or whitish colors, Strong odor at night, Rewards: pollen, nectar, Viscous nectar, rich in sugars, Strong flowers or inflorescences

Question 37

Deception Pollination

Answer 37

No rewards, Flowers mimic female bees, Scents mimic female pheromones, Pollen in pollinia

Question 38

Wind Pollination

Answer 38

Unisexual flowers, Reduced perianth, Large stigma, Exposed anthers, No rewards, Large amount of pollen grains, Pollen grains small and powdery