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Anatomy - 2320 > Lecture final (upper body) > Flashcards

Lecture final (upper body) Flashcards

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1
Q

what does the dorsal scapular nerve innervate

A

rhombois

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2
Q

what does the long thoracic nerve innervate

A

serratus anterior

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3
Q

what does the suprascapular nerve innervate

A

supraspinatus and infraspinatus

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4
Q

what does the subclavian nerve innervate

A

subclavius

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5
Q

what does the lateral and medial pectoral innervate

A

pectoralis major and pectoralis minor

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6
Q

what does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate

A

anterior compartement of arm
-coracobraciallis, biceps brachii, and brachialis

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7
Q

what does the median nerve innervate

A

anterior forearm compartement
-excpet for flexor carpi ulnaris, and ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus

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8
Q

what does the ulnar nerve innertave

A

intrinsic muscles of hand and
-flexor carpi ulnaris
-ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus

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9
Q

what does the upper subscapular nerve innervate

A

superior portion of subscapularis

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9
Q

what does the lower suprascapular nerve innervate

A

inferior portion of subscapularis
teres major

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10
Q

what does the thoracodorsal nerve innervate

A

latissimus dorsi

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11
Q

what does the axillary nerve innervate

A

teres minor
deltoid muscles

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12
Q

what does the radial nerve innervate

A

posterior compartements of arm and forearm

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13
Q

the arm extends from where to where

A

shoulders to elbow

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14
Q

what are the 4 types of movement that occur between the arm and the forearm at the elbow joint

A

flexion-extention
pronation-supination

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15
Q

what main movement do the anterior and posterior muscles produce

A

a: flexor
p: extensor

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16
Q

what are the 3 flexors of the arm and what compartement are they found in

A

anterior
-biceps brachii
-brachialis
-coracobrachilias

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17
Q

what is the extensor of the arm and what compartement is it found in

A

triceps brachii
posterior

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18
Q

what broad band passes from the greater tubercle from lesser to the greater tubercle of the humerus

A

transverse humerus ligament

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19
Q

where does the transverse humerus ligament pass over what

A

from the lesser to the greater tubercle of the humerus

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20
Q

what does the transverse humerus ligament converts what structure into what other structure

A

the tubercular groove into a canal for the tendon of the long head of the biceps

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21
Q

what is the small triangular muscle on the psoterior aspect of the elbow and what does it cover

A

anconeus
-covers the posterior aspect of the ulna proximally

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22
Q

when the elbow is extended, what is the main movement of the biceps

A

flexion
-when elbow flexion approaches 90 degrees and more power is needed

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22
Q

when is the biceps the most powerful supinator of the forearm

A

when the elbow flexion is near 90 degrees and more power is needed

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23
what type of muscle is the brachialis and where does it lie to the biceps
flattened fusiform -deep
24
what does a fusiform muscle look like
spindle shaped -wide in middle and tappers near ends
25
what muscle is the only pure elbow flexor
brachialis
26
what arm muscle is a useful landmark for locating other structures
coracobrachialis
27
what type of muscle is the triceps bracii
large fusiform
28
what muscle is the chief extensor of the elbow
triceps brachii
29
what muscle assists the triceps in extending the elbow
anconeus
30
what muscle may abduct the ulna during pronation
anconeus
31
proximal and distal attachments of the biceps brachii
PROXIMAL short head: coracoid process long head: supraglenoid tubercle DISTAL -tuberosity of radius -fascia of forearm
32
what are the 3 actions of the biceps brachii
1. supinates forearm 2. when supinated, flexes elbow joint 3. short head resists dislocation of shoulder
33
proximal and distal attachments of brachialis
PROXIMAL -distal half of anterior surface of humerus DISTAL -coronoid process -tuberosity of ulna
34
action of brachialis
flexes elbow joint in all positions
35
distal and proximal attachments of coracobrachialis
PROXIMAL -coracoid process DISTAL -medial surface of humerus
36
what are the 3 actions of the coracobrachialis
1. resists shoulder dislocation helps 2. flex shoulder 3. adduct shoulder
37
proximal and distal attachments of triceps brachii
PROXIMAL -long head: infraglenoid tubercle -lateral head: posterior surface of humerus (superior to radial groove) -medial head: posterior surface of humerus (inferior to radial groove) DISTAL -proximal posterior end of olecranon of ulna -fascia of forearm
38
what are the 3 actions of the triceps brachii
1. chief extensor of the elbow 2. long head extends shoulder 3. resists dislocation of humerus (especially during abduction)
39
proximal and distal attachments of anconeus
PROXIMAL -lateral epicondyle of humerus DISTAL -olecranon -posterior surface of ulna
40
what are the 3 actions of the anconeus
1. assists triceps in extending elbow 2. stabilizes elbow joint 3. abducts ulna during pronation
41
what and where is the cubital fossa
-shallow triangular depression -anterior surface of elbow
42
what are the boundaries of the cubital fossa, superiorly, medially, laterally, floor, and roof
superiorly -imaginary line connecting the medial and lateral epicondyles medially -pronator teres laterally -brachioradialis floor -brachialis -supinator roof -brachial and antebrachial fascia -bicipital aponeurosis -subcutaneous tissue -skin
43
superior border of the cubital fossa
imaginary line connecting medial and lateral epicondyle of humerus
44
medial border of cubital fossa
pronator teres
45
lateral border of cubital fossa
brachioradialis
46
floor of cubital fossa
brachialis and supinator mucscle
47
roof of cubital fossa
brachial and antebrachial fascia -bicipital aponeurosis -subcutaneous tissue -skin
48
what are 3 contents in the cubital fossa
-biceps brachii tendon -median nerve -radial nerve (dividing into superficial and deep branches)
49
what is the role of forearm movement
assist shoudler in application of force and in controlling the placement of the hand in space
50
what compartement of forearm are flexors and pronators found in and are innvervated mainly by what
anterior median nerve
51
the extensors and supinators of the forearm are found in what compartment and are all innervated by what
posterior radial nerve
52
what 4 muscles are all attached proximally by a common flexor tendon to the medial condyle of the humerus, the common flexor origin
-pronator teres -flexor carpi radialis -palmaris longus -flexor carpi ulnaris (superficial layer)
53
the superficial and intermediate muscles of the forearm all cross what joint
elbow joint
54
proximal and distal attachments of pronator teres
PROXIMAL ulnar head -coronoid process of ulna humeral head -medial epicondyle of humerus DISTAL -lateral surface of radius
55
innvervation of pronator teres
medial nerve
56
what are the 2 actions of the anterior forearm
1. pronates forearm 2. flexes elbow
57
proximal and distal attachments of flexor carpi radialis
PROXIMAL -medial epicondyle of humerus DISTAL -base of 2nd metacarpal
58
innervation of flexor carpi radialis
median nerve
59
2 actions of flexor carpi radialis
flexes and abducts hand
60
proximal and distal acttachments of palmaris longus
PROXIMAL -medial epicondyle of humerus DISTAL -flexor retinaculum -palmar aponeurosis
61
innervation of palmaris longus
median nerve
62
2 actions of palmaris longus
-flexes hand -tenses palmar aponeurosis
63
proximal and distal attchments of flexor carpi ulnaris
PROXIMAL humeral head -medial epicondyle of humerus ulnar head -olecranon -posterior border of ulna DISTAL -pisiform -hamate -5th metacarpal
64
innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris
ulanr nerve
65
2 actions of flexor carpi ulnaris
flexes and adducts hand
66
innervation of biceps brachii
musculocutaneous nerve
67
innervation of brachialis
musuclocutaneous nerve
68
innervation of coracobrachialis
musculocutaneous nerve
69
innvervation of triceps brachii
radial nerve
70
innvervation of anconeus
radial nerve
71
proximal and distal attachments of flexor digitorum superficialis
PROXIMAL humeroulnar head: -medial epicondyle of humerus -coronoid process of ulna radial head: -oblique line of radius DISTAL -shafts of middle phalanges 2-5
72
innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis
median nerve
73
what are the 3 actions of the flexor digitorum superficialis
1. flexes carpometacarpal joints 2. flexes proximal interphalangeal joints 3. flexes primal phalanges at metacarpophalngeal joints
74
proximal and distal attachment of flexor digitorum profundus
PROXIMAL -medial and anterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane DISTAL -bases of distal phalanges 2-5
75
innervation of flexor digitorum profundus
lateral part(digits 2-3): median nerve median part(4-5): ulnar nerve
76
what are the 3 actions of flexor digitorum profundus
1. flexes carpometacarpal joints 2. flexes distal interphalangeal joints 2-5 3. assist in wrist flexion
77
proximal and distal attachments of flexor pollicis longus
PROXIMAL -anterior surface of radius -adjacent interosseous memrbane DISTAL -base of distal phalanx of thumb
78
innervation of flexor pollicis longus
-anterior interosseous nerve (from median nerve)
79
attachments of pronator quadratus
PROXIMAL -distal end of the anterior surface of ulna -distal end of anterior surface of radius
80
innervation of pronator quadratus
anterior interosseous nerve
81
2 actions of pronator quadratus
-pronates forearm -deep fibers bind radius and ulna togther
82
what compartement of the forearm are the extensor muscles in and what are they all innervated by
posterior radial nerve
83
what are the 3 muscles that extend and abduct or adduct the hand at the wrist
-extensor carpi radialis longus -extensor carpi radialis brevis -extensor capri ulnaris
84
what 3 muscle extendsat least one digit from digits 2-5
-extensor digitorum -extensor indicis -extensor digiti minimi
85
what 3 muscles extend and abuduct or adduct the thumb
-extensor pollicis brevis abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis longus
86
what are the 6 superficial extensor muscles of the forearm
-extensor digitorum -extensor digiti minimi -extensor carpi radialis brevis -extensor carpi ulnaris -extensor carpi radialis longus -brachioradialis
87
the superficial extensor muscles are attached proximally by what tendon and to where. name the muscles that attach to each spot
COMMON EXTENSOR TENDON attach to lateral epicondyle of the humerus -extensor carpi radialis brevis -extensor digitorum -extensor digiti minimi -extensor carpi ulnaris attach to lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus and adjacent lateral intermuscular septum -brachioradialis -extensor carpi radialis longus
88
what muscles is the "beer drinking" muscle
brachioradialis
89
attachments of the brachioradilias
PROXIMAL -lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus DISTAL -lateral surface of the distal end of the radius
90
the distal attachement of the brachioradialis is proximal to what process
styloid process of the radius
91
innervation of the brachioradialis
radial nerve
92
action of the brachioradialis and when is this action maximal
weak flexion of the elbow -maximal when the forearm is in midpronated position
93
attachment of the extensor carpi radialus longus
PROXIMAl -lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus DISTAL -dorsal aspect of the base of 2nd metacarpal
94
innervation of the extensor capri radialis
radial
95
what are the 3 actions of the extensor carpi radilais longus
-extends and abducts wrist joint -extends carpometacarpal joints
96
attachment of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
PROXIMAL -lateral epicondyle of the humerus DISTAL -dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal
97
innervation of extensor carpi radialis brevis
radial nerve
98
4 actions of the extensor carpi radialis brevis
-extends and abducts wrist -extends carpometacarpal joints -active during fist clenching
99
attachments of extensor digitorum
PROXIMAL -lateral epicondyle of the humerus DISTAL -extensor expansion of digits 2-5
100
innervation of extensor digitorum
posterior interosseous nerve
101
what are the 3 actions of the extensor digitorum
-extends wrist -extends carpometacarpal joints -extends digits 2-5
102
the extensor digitorum extends the digits 2-5 at what joint
primarily: metacarpophalangeal joints secondarily: interphalangeal
103
attachments of the extensor digiti minimi
PROXIMAL -lateral epicondyle of the humerus DISTAL -extensor expansion of 5th digit
104
innervation of extensor digiti minimi
posterior interosseous nerve
105
what are the 3 actions of the extensor digiti minimi
-extends wrist -extends carpometacarpal joints -extends 5ht digit
106
extensor digiti minimi extends the 5th digit at what joint
primarily: metacarpophalangeal secondarily: interphalangeal
107
attachments of extensor carpi ulnaris
PROXIMAL -lateral epicondyle of humerus -posterior border of ulna (via shared aponeurosis) DISTAL -dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacaparln
108
innervation of extensor capri ulnarisq
posterior interosseous nerve
109
what are the 3 actions of the extensor carpi ulnaris
-extends and adducts wrist and carpometacarpal joints -active during fist clenchind
110
what 2 extensor muscles are active during fist clenching
extensor carpi radialis brevis and ulnaris
111
attachmetns of supinator
PROXIMAL -lateral epicondyle of humerus -radial collateral ligament -anular ligament of radius -supinator fossa -crest of ulna DISTAL -later, posterior and anterior surfaces of proximal radius
112
innervation of supinator
radial nerve
113
2 actions of supinator
-supinates arm -rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly or superiorly (if elbow is flexed)
114
attachments of abductor pollicis longus
PROXIMAL -posterior surface of proximal ulna, radius and interosseous membrane DISTAL -base of 1st metacarpal
115
innervation of abductor pollicis longus
posterior interosseous nerve
116
what are the 5 actions of the abductor pollicis longus
-extends wrist -extends carpometacarpal joints -abducts thumb -extends thumb at carpometacarpal joints
117
attachment of extensor pollicis longus
PROXIMAL -posterior surface of middle ulna and interosseous membrane DISTAL -dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb
118
innervation of extensor pollicis longus
posterior interosseous nerve
119
what are the 3 actions of the extensor pollicis longus
-extends wrist -extends carpometacarpal joints -extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint
120
attachments of extensor pollicis brevis
PROXIMAL -posterior surface of distal radius and interosseous membrane DISTAL -dorsal aspecct of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
121
what are the 3 actions of the extensor pollicis brevis
-extends writs -extends carpometacarpal joitnts -extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metcarpophalangeal joints
122
innercation of extensor pollicis brevis
posterior interosseous nerve
123
attachments of extensor indicis
PROXIMAL -posterior surface of distal ulna and interosseous membrane DISTAL -extensor expansion of 2nd digit
124
innervation of extensor indicis
posterior interosseous nerve
125
what are the actions of the extensor indicis
-extends wrist -extends 2nd digit
126
what tendons bound the anatomical snuff box laterally and medially
laterlly -abductor pollicis longus -extensor pollicis brevis medially -extensor pollicis longus
127
where and when is the anatomical snuff box visibel and how is this caused
lateral aspect of wrist when thumb is extended fully -this draws the abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis and longus tendons up, producing a concavity between them
128
what lies on the floor of the anatomical snuff box
radial artery
129
what can be palpated proximally and distally from the anatomical snuff box
proximal -radial styloid process distal -base of 1st metacarpal
130
what can be felt in the floor of the anatomical snuff box and they between what 2 structures
-scaphoid and trapezium -between radial styloid process and 1st metacarpal
131
how did the lumbricals get this name
because of their worm like appearance
132
what thenar muscle opposes
opponens pollicis
133
what is the main action of the 4 dorsal interossei
abduct the digits 2-5 at the metacarpophalangeal joints
134
what is the main action of the 3 palmar interossei
adduct digits 2, 4, 5 at the metcarpophalangeal joints
135
acting together, the interossei muscles of the hand do what and why does this occur
flexion at the metcarpophalangeal joints and extension of ht einterphalangeal joints -their attachment to the lateral bands of the extensor expansions
136
attachments of opponens pollicis
PROXIMAL -flexor retinaculum -tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium DISTAL -lateral side of 1st metacarpal
137
innervation of opponens pollicis
median nerveq
138
action of opponens pollicis
oppose thumv
139
attahcments of adbudcot pollicis brevis
PROXIMAL -flexor retinaculum -tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium DISTAL -lateral side of base of proximal phalanx
140
innervation of abductor pollicis brevis
medial nerve
141
action of abductor pollicis brevis
abducts thumb -helps to opose it
142
attahcment of flexor pollicis brevis
PROXIMAL -flexor retinaculum -tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium DISTAL -lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
143
innervation of flexor pollicis brevis
median nerve
144
action of flexor pollicis brevis
flexes thumb
145
attachents of adductor pollicis
PROXIMAL oblqique head -bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals -capitate transverse head -anterior surface of shaft of 3rd metacarpal DISTAL -medial side of base proximal phalanx of thumbq
146
innervation of adductor pollicis
oblique head: medial nerve transverse head: ulnar nerve
147
action of adductor pollicis
adduct thumb
148
attachment of abductor digiti minimi
PROXIMAL -pisiform DISTAL -medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
149
innervation of abductor digiti minimi
ulnar
150
2 actions of abductor digit minimi
-abducts 5th digit -assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx
151
attachments of flexor digiti minimi brevis
PROXIMAl -hook of hamate -flexor retinaculum DISTAL -medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
152
innervation of flexor digiti minimi
ulnar nerve
153
action of flexor digiti minimi
flexes proximal phalanx of 5th finger
154
attachments of OPPONENS digiti minimi
PROXIMAL -hook of hamate -flexor retinaculum DISTAL -medial border of 5th metacarpal
155
innervation of opponens digiti minimi
ulnar nerve
156
action of opponens digiti minimi
opposes 5th finger
157
attachment of lumbricals 1 and 2
PROXIMAL -lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus DISTAL -lateral sides of extensor expansions of digits 2-5`
158
muscle shape of lumbricals 1 and 2
unipennate
159
innervation of lumbricals 1 and 2
medial nerve
160
attachment of lumbricals 3 and 4
PROXIMAL -medial 3 tendons of extensor digitorum profundus DISTAL -lateral sides of extensor expansions of digits 2-5
161
innervation of lumbricals 3 and 4
ulnar nerve
162
attachemnt of dorsl interossei
PROXIMAL -adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals DISTAL -bases of proximal phalanges -extensor expansions of digits 2-5
163
innervation of dorsal interossei
ulnar nerve
164
2 actions of lumbricals
-flex metacarpophalangeal joints -extrend interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5
165
attachement of palmar interossei
PROXIMAL -palmar surfaces of digits 2, 4, and 5 DISTAL -bases of proximal phalanges -extensor expansions of digits 2, 4, and 5in
166
innervation of palmar interossei
ulnar nerve
167
muscle shape of dorsal interossei
bipennate
168
muscle shape of palmar interossei
unipennte
169
what is the ulnar nerve reffered to as and why
nerve of fine movements -it innervates muscles that are concerned with intricate hand movementrs
170
what type of joint is the wrist
condyloid synovial joint
171
where are the articulations of the radiocarpal joitn
distal end of radius adn articular disc with proximal row of carpal bones (except pisiofrm)
172
what does the fibrous layer of the radiocarpals joitn capsule do
-surrounds joint -attaches to distal ends of radius, ulna and proximal row of carpal bones
173
synovial joints are internally lined by what
synovial memrbane
174
5 movements of radiocarpal joint
flexion extension abduction adduction circumduction
175
what type of joint are the carpal joitns
plane synovial joint
176
what are the 4 different articulations of carpal joints
-between proximal row -bertween distal row -midacarpal: netween proximal and distal rows -pisiform: between pisiform and triquetrum
177
what does the firbous layer of the carpal joints do
surrounds the joints
178
what ligaments of the hand strengthen the radiocarpal joint
anterior and psoterior ligaments
179
in the wrist joint, what ligament attaches to the styloid procces of ulna and triquetrum
ulnar collateral ligament
180
in the wrist joint, what ligament attaches to the sstyloid process of the radius and scaphoid
radial collaterla ligament
181
in the intercarpal joints, what ligaments unite the carpal boens
posterior, anterior and interosseous ligaments of the hand
182
what are the 3 actions allowed at the intercarapal joints
-samall amount of gliding movement -flexion and abduction of hand at midcarpal joints
183
what type of joint are the carpometacarpal and intermetacarpal joints
plane synovial joint -except for CMC of 1st digit (sadle-shaped synovial joint)
184
what are the articulations of the carpometacarpal joints
-carpals and metacarpals with each other -joint of thumb between trapezium and base of 1st metacarpal
185
what does the firbous layer do in carpometacarpal joints
surrounds the joint
186
in carpometacarpal, the bones are united by what ligaments of the hand
posterior, anterior, and interosseous
187
what are the 4 movements permitted at the CMC joint of the 1st digit
flexion extension adduction abduction
188
what movement is permitted at the 2nd and 3rd digit at the CMC joint
almost no movment
189
what movement is permitted at the CMC joint of the 4th digit
slightly mobile
190
what movement is permitted at the CMC joint fo the 5th digit
very mobile
191
what 2 structures limit flexion of the wrist and carpal joints
-posterior radiaocarpal ligament -posterior part of joint capsule
192
what 3 structures limit extension of the wrist and carpal joints
-anterior radiocarpal ligament -anterior part of joint capsule -bony apposition between radius and carpal bones
193
what 3 structures limit abduction at the wrist and carpal joints
-ulnar collateral ligament -medial part of joint capsule -bony appostion between styloid process of radisu and scaphoidt
194
what 2 structures limit adduction of the wrist and carpal joints
-radial collateral ligament -lateral aprt of joint capsule
195
what structure is found between the distal radioulnar joint and wrist joint
an articular disc
196
what is the name of the joint between the pisisfor and triquetrum
pisotriquetral joint
197
what type of jion are metacarpophalangeal joints
condyloid synovial joints
197
what are the articulations of metacarpophalangeal joints
heads of metacarpals with base of proximal phalanges
197
in metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal jionts, what ligament is attached to to each individual joint
strong palmar ligaments
198
in metacarpophalangeal joins what does the deep transverse metacarpal ligaments do
unite joints MCP joints of digits 2-5 by holding heads of metacaprlas togehterq
199
what are 5 actions of the metacarpophalangeal joints at digits 2-5
extension flexion adduction abduction circumduction
200
what are the 4 actions at the metacarpal joint of the first digit
flexion extension adduction and abduction is limitied
201
what type of joint are interphalangeal joints
hinge synovial joint
202
what are teh articulations of interphalangeal joints
heads of phalangrs with bases of more distally located phalanges
203
in metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints, what does the firbous layer of the joint capsule do
encloses each joint
204
what are the 2 actions at interphalangeal joitns
flexion and extension
205
what is dr passmores favourite bone
hyoid bone
206
what bone helps to keep airway open and name its other function
hyoid bone -anterior neck muscle attachement
207
what does the hyoid bone articulate with
no other bone or jointt -stylohyoid ligament attaches it to the mandible and inferior it is attached to thyroid cartilage
208
what structure connects the horns of the hyoid bone
fibrocartilage
209
proximal attachement of the platysma
-inferior border of mandible -skin -subcutaneous tissues of lower faceal
210
distal attachemnt sof platysma
-fascia covering superior parts of pectoralis major and deltoid muscles
211
innervation of platysma
cervical branch of facial nerve -CN VII
212
what are the 2 actions of platysma
-draws corner of mouth inferiorly and widens it (expressions of sadness and fright) -draws skin of neck superiorly when teeth are clenched (indicating tension)
213
proximal attachment of sternocleidomastoid
-lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone -lateral half of superior nuchal line
214
distal attachement of sternocleidomastoid
sternal head -anterior surface of manubrium clavicular head -superior surface of medial third of clavicle
215
innervation of sternocleidomastoid
spinal accessory nerve -CN XI
216
action of uniilateral contraction of sternocleidomastoid
-tilts head to same side (laterally flexes neck) -rotates head so face is turned superiorly toward opposite side
217
action of bilateral contraction of sternocleidomastoid
-extends neck at atlantooccipital joints -flexes cervical vertebrae so that chin approaches manubrium -extends superior cervical vertebrae while flexing inferior vertebrae so chin is thrust forward with head kept level
218
does the spinal accesory nerve pass deep or superficially to the sternocleidomastoid
deep
219
what muscle is often removed in skin disection
platysma
220
what is the frowning muscle
platysma
221
attachments of longus colli
PROXIMAL -anterior tubercles of C1 -bodies of C1-C3 -TP of C3-C6 DISTAL -bodies of C5-T3 -TP of C3-C5
222
innervation of longus colli
anterior rami of C2-C6
223
main action of longus colli
-flexes neck (anter or lateral bending of cervical vertebrae C2-C7)
224
muscle with the proximal attachemnt of the basilar part of occipatal bone
longus capitis
225
msucle with distal attachment of anterior tubervles of C3-c6 transverse processes
longus capitisner
226
innervation of longus capitis
anterior rami fo C1-C3
227
main action of longus capitis
flexion of head on neack
228
attachments of rectus capitis anterior
PROXIMAL -base of cranium (just anterior to occipital condyle) DISTAL -anterior surface of atlas
229
innervation of rectus capitis anterior
branches from loop between C1 and C2 spinal nerves
230
actions of rectus capitis anterior
flexes head on neck (anterior or lateral bending)
231
attachments of anterior scalene
PROXIMAL -anterior tubecles of TP of c3-c6 DISTAL -1st rib
232
innervation of anterior scalene
cervical spinal nerves c4-c6
233
3 actions of anterior scalene
-forced inspiration -elevates 1st rib -laterllay flexes head
234
what passes through the mental foramen of the mandible
nerves
235
vomer rhymes with what famous cartoon character
homer simpson
236
what is the name of the tip of the bony part of chin
mental protuberance
237
what bony part of the skull hurts when you push on it
styloid process of temporal bone
238
whats the name of the junction between the coronoal and saggital suture
bregma
239
whats the name of the junction between the sagittal and labdoid suture
lambda
240
what articulates with the mandibular fossa
head of mandible
241
what travels through the jugular foramen of the skull
blood vessels
242
what part of the skull articulates with C1 and creates the atlantoocciptal joint
occipital condyle
243
what passes through the foramen magnum
spinal cord
244
what bony process do yoju feel when put tongue behind teeth
palatine process of maxilla
245
the pointy part of the inferior view of hte sphoind bone is called what
pterygoid process
246
in the superior view internal surface of the greater base, the shpenoid bone is split into what 2 parts
-greater wing -lesser wing
247
the ear whole on the inside of the skull is called what
internal acoustic meatus
248
what part of the internal skull holds the cerebellum
cerebellar fossa
249
what is the purpose of the orbits
contain and protect the eyeballs and their muscles, nerves and vessels
250
all space in the orbits not occupied by structure is willed with what
orbital fat
251
what are the 2 opening in the skull in the back of the eye called
superior orbitual fissure inferior orbital fissure
252
how to tell if the orbit is right or left
lacrimal bone will always be on the medial side
253
what anterior medial bone is not in the orbit
nasal bone
254
proximal (origin) attachement of superior oblique
body of sphenoid
255
distal attachemnet of superior oblique
tendon passes through tochlea to insert into slcerain
256
innervation of superior obliqeu
trochlear nerve -CN IV
257
what are the 3 actions of the superior oblique
-intorsion -depression (primarily in adducted position) -abduction of eyelball
258
proximal attachement of inerior oblique
anterior part of floor of orbit
259
ditsal attachment of inferior oblique
sclera deep to rectus miuscles
260
3 actions of inferior oblique
-extorsion -elevation (primarily in adducted position) -abduction of eyeball
261
innervation of inferior oblique
oculomotor nerve -CN III
262
what are the 4 rectus muscles of the eye
superior, inferior, medial, and lateral rectus
263
proximal attachemnet of the eyeball rectus muscles
common tendinous ring
264
distal attachmnet of the rectus eyeball muscles
sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction
265
innervation of superior rectus
oculomotor enrve -CN III
266
innervation of inferior rectus
oculomotor nerve -CN III
267
innervatino of medial rectus
oculomotor nerve -CN III
268
innervation of lateral rectus
abducent nerve -CN V1
269
what cranial nerve moves eyebal laterally/abduction
abducent nerve -CN V1
270
what is the sclera
white part of eyeball
271
3 actions of superior rectus
-elevation -adduction -intorsion of eyeball
272
3 actions of inferior rectus
-depression -adduction -extorsion of eyeball
273
action of medial rectus
adduction of eyeball
274
action of laterla rectus
abduction of eyeball
275
what are teh 3 cranical nerves that move th eeyball
-trochlear nerve (CN IV) -oculomotor nerve (CN III) -abducent nerve (CNVI)
276
the obliqeu muscles of the eye lie where to the rectus muscles
deep
277
what is extorsion of th eyeball
external rotation
277
what is intorsion of the eyball
internal rotation
278
temporalis attachment
PROXIMAL -broach attachment to floor of temporal fossa and deep surface of temporalis fascia DISTAL -narrow attachment to tip and medial surface of coronoid process and anterior border of ramus of mandible
279
temproalis innervation
anterior trunk of mandibular nerve -cn v -via deep temporal nerve
280
what are the 2 actions fo the temporalis
-elevated mandible, which closes jaw -retract mandible (posterior, more horizontal fibers)
281
attachment of masseter
PROXIMAL -inferior border and medial surface of maxillary process of sygomatic bone and zygomatic arch DISTAL -angle and lateral surface of ramus of mandible
282
innervation o fmasseter
anterior trunk of mandibular nerve - CN V -via masseteric nreve
283
2 actions of masster
-elevates mandible -limited protrusion of mandible (superficial fibers)
284
attachment of lateral pterygoid
PROXIMAL -infratemporal surface and crest of greater wing of sphenoid -lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate DISTAL superior head -joint capsule and articular disc of temporomandibular joint inferior head -pterygoid fovea on anteromedial aspect of neck of condyloid process of mandible
285
innervation of lateral pterygoid
anterior trunk of mandibular nerve CN V -via nerve to lateral pterygoid
286
2 actions of lateral pterygoid when acting bilarterally
-protracts mandible -depresses chin
287
2 unilateral actions of lateral pterygoid
-swings jaw toward contralateral side -alternate unilateral contractions produces larger lateral chewing movements
288
attachements of medial pterygoid
PROXIMAL -medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and palatine bone -tuberosity of maxilla DISTAL -medial surface of ramus, inferior to mandibular foramen
289
what muscle is a mirror image of the ipsilateral masster
medial pterygoid
290
innervation of medial pterygoid
anterior trunk of mandibular nerve CN V -via nerve to medial pterygoid
291
3 actions of the medial pterygoid
-acts synergistically with masseter to elevate mandible -contributes ot protrusion -alternate unilateral activity produces smaller grinding movements
292
what 2 muscles of the head contribute to chewing
lateral and medial pterygoid
293
what head muscles is triangular
temproalise
294
what head muscle is quadrate
masseter
295
triangular 2 headed what head muscle
lateral pterygoid
296
what head muscle is quadrangular 2 headed
medial pterygoid
297
what temporomandibular muscles elevate
temporalis masseter medial pterygoid
298
what temporomandibular muscles depress
lateral pterygoid suprahyoid and infrahyoid
299
what temporomandibular muscles protrusion
lateral pterygoid masseter medial pterygoid
300
what temporomandibular muscles retrusion
temporalis (poterior oblique nad near horizontal fibers) masseter
301
what temporomandibular muscles lateral movements
temporalis of same side pterygoid of opposite side masseter
302
name the 3 audiory ossicles in order from lateral to medialand shapes they look lik
malleus (hammer) incus (anvil) stapes (stirrups)
303
whats the name of the outer skin of the ear
auricle
304
what 2 nerves are found in the ear, attached to cochlea from lateral to medial
Vestibular nerve Cochlear nerve both CN VII
305
what part of the ear is where you can feel puff of air
pharyngotympanic tube
306
what is the external and middle part of the ear concerned with
transference of sound to the internal eear
307
what does the internal ear contain
organ for equilibrium as well as for hearing
308
what seperates the external ear from tehe middle ear
tympanic membrane (ear drum)
309
what structure joins the middle ear to the nasopharynx
pharyngotympanic tube
310
311
what are the 12 cranical nerves
HINT: oh oh oh to touch and feel a girls vagina, ah heavna -olfactory -optic -oculomotor -trochlear -trigeminal -abducens -facial -vestibulcochlear -glossopharynx -vagus -accessory -hypoglossal
312
name the basic cranial nerve functions of each
HINT: some say marry money but my brother says big brains matter most -olfactory -s -optic - s -oculomotor - m trochlear - M trigeminal - b abducens - m facial - b vestibulcochlear - s glossopharyngeal - b vagus - b accessory - 11 hypoglossal - m
313
what does the trochlear nerve innervate, function and what number
CN IV motor -superior oblique muscle of eye
314
what does the abducent nerve innervate, function and what number
CN VI motor -lateral rectus of eye
315
what does the trigeminal nerve innervate, function and what number
CN V motor -muscles of mastication sensory -face, sinuses, teeth
316
what does thhypoglossal nerve innervate, function and what number
CN XII motor -all instrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tognue -excluding palatoglossus ( a palatine muscle)
317
what does the spinal accessory nerve innervate, function and what number
CN XI motor -sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
318
what does the vagus nerve innervate from its motor root and what number
CN X -palate -pharynx -larynx -trachea -bronchial tree -heart -GI tract to left flexure
319
what does the vagus nerve innervate from its sensory root and what number
CN X -pharynx -larynx -reflex sensroy from tracheobronchial tree, lungs, heart, GI tract to left colic flexure
320
what does the glossopharyngeal nerve innervate form its motor root and what number
CN IX -stylopharyngeus muscke -parotid gland
321
what does the glossopharyngeal nerve innervate from sensory root and what number
CN IX -taste: posterior third of tongue -general sensation: pharynx, tonsillar sinus, pharyngotympanic tube, middle ear cavity
322
what does the vestibulocochlear nerve innervate, function and what number
CN VIII vestibular - sensory -detects change in orientation and motion cochlear - sensory -hearing
323
what happens if the cochlear nerve is damaged
problems with hearing
324
what does the facial intermediate nerve innervate, function and what number
CN VII motor -submandibular -sublingual -lacrimal glands sensory -taste to anterior 2 thirds of tongue, soft palate
325
what does the facial primary root nerve innervate, function and what number
CN VII motor -muscles of facial expression
326
what cranial nerve innervates muscles for facial expression
facial nerve CN VII primary root
327
what does the olfactory nerve innervate, function and what number
CN I sensory -smell
328
what does the optic nerve innervate, function and what number
CN II sensory -vision
329
what does the oculomotor nerve innervate, function and what number
CN III motor -cillary muscles -sphincter pupillae -all extrinsic muscles of eye (except for lateral rectus and superior oblique)
330
are the cranial nerves part of the central nervous system
no they are part of the peripheral system
331
how can you test if your hypoglossal nerve is intact
poke tongue to cheek -cause innervates muscles of tongue
332
how can you check if spinal accesory nerve is intact
shrug shoulders -cause innervates sternocleidomastoid and trapzeius muscles

Anatomy - 2320 (2 decks)

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