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bacteriolgy > Lecture | Introduction To Bacteriology > Flashcards

Lecture | Introduction To Bacteriology Flashcards

1
Q

1st to use a lens to observe the smallest unit of tissue —> cells

A

Robert Hooke

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2
Q

Observe and accurately describe microorganisms (bacteria & protozoa) called “animacules”

A

Anton Van Leeuwokhoek

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3
Q

Father of hand hygiene; hand washing; infection control

A

Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis

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4
Q

Modern epidemiology

A

John Snow

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5
Q

Demonstrated that different types of microbes produce different fermentation products

A

Louis Pasteur

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6
Q

Theory of Spontaneous Generation is by

A

Anton Van Leeuwonhoek

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7
Q

Disproved theory of spontaneous genesis/Abiogenesis

A

Louis Pasteur

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8
Q

Life can arise spontaneously from non-living materials

A

Abiogenesis

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9
Q

Pasteurization: heating liquids at the temp and time of

A

1) 63 - 65 degrees celsius for 30 minutes

2) 73 - 75 degrees Celsius for 15 seconds

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10
Q

A type of sterilization that only kills pathogens

A

Pasteurization

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11
Q

Developed vaccines : chicken cholera, anthrax and swine erysipelas

A

Louis Pasteur | Germ theory of disease

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12
Q

Robert Koch discovered what bacterias

A

B. Anthracis, M. Tuberculosis, & Vibrio cholerae

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13
Q

Robert Koch discovered that B. anthracis produces -?-, capable of resisting adverse conditions

A

Spores

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14
Q

Developed the methods of fixing, staining, and photographing bacteria, methods of cultivating bacteria on solid media

A

Robert Koch

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15
Q

Robert Koch Discovered the bacterium that causes tuberculosis

A

M. Tuberculosis

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16
Q

Robert Koch discovered Vibrio cholerae that causes

A

Cholera

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17
Q

Koch assistant that 1st proposed the use of agar in culture media

A

Fanne Eilshemius Hesse

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18
Q

Koch assistant that developed the Petri dish

A

Richard petri

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19
Q

Tyndallisation

A

John Tyndall

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20
Q

Provided the initial evidence that some microbes in dust/air have very high heat resistance

A

John Tyndall

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21
Q

Introduce aseptic techniques using physical and chemical agents

A

Joseph Lister

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22
Q

Developed small pox vaccine

A

Edward Jenner

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23
Q

Introduced phagocytic theory of immunity

A

Elie Metchnikoff

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24
Q

Developments of chemotherapy

A

Paul Ehrlich

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25
Q

Discobered the 1st Alpha drug

A

Gerhard Domagk

26
Q

Developed the 1st antibiotic penicillin

A

Alexander Flemming

27
Q

Developed Streptomycin

A

Selman Waksman

28
Q

Method of classification that combines genotypic, phenotypic, & phylogenetic or evolutionary relationships into a general purpose classification system

A

Polyphasic Taxonomy

29
Q

Approach that provides a more detailed but very complex analysis of the current classification system

A

Polyphasic taxonomic

30
Q

Domain that Contain the environmental prokaryotes (blue green or cyanobacteria) and the heterotrophic medically relevant bacteria

A

Bacteria

31
Q

Domain that are environmental isolates that live in extreme environments such as high salt concentration, jet fuel, or extreme temperatures

A

Archaea

32
Q

Domain that is a true nucleus and. contains medically relevant organisms, including fungi and parasites

A

Eukarya

33
Q

most basic of the taxonomic groups and defined as a collection of bacterial strains that share common physiologic and genetic features and differ notably from other microbial species.

A

Species

34
Q

given to groups below the subspecies level that share specific but relatively minor characteristics.

A

biotype, serotype, or genotype

35
Q

considered the same species with the same genetic makeup but displays differential physiologic characteristics.

A

Biotype

36
Q

naming of microorganisms according to established rules and guidelines set forth in the

A

International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (ICNB) or the Bacteriological Code (BC).

37
Q

Process by which a microorganism’s key features are delineated

A

Microbial Identification

38
Q

organism’s genetic makeup,

A

Genotypic characteristics

39
Q

observable characteristics and features that may require extensive analytic procedures to be detected.

A

Phenotypic characteristics

40
Q

Growth of microbiota in or on a body site without the production of damage or notable symptoms

A

Colonization

41
Q

describe also as mutualism wherein both organisms benefit from each other

A

Symbiosis

42
Q

association of 2 organisms living together; organisms are called

A

symbionts

43
Q

Relationship where one organism benefits but the other is neither harm nor benefited; no harm

A

Commensalism

44
Q

one organism is being harmed and the other benefits

A

Parasitism

45
Q

Microorganisms that are commonly found on or in body sites of healthy persons

A

Indigenous Microbial Biota

46
Q

types of indigenous microbial biota colonizes for a long time

A

Resident microbiota

47
Q

types of indigenous microbial biota that is temporary; come to visit but do not stay

A

Transient microbiota

48
Q

Ability of a microbe to produce disease in an individual

A

Pathogenicity

49
Q

Are organisms recognized to cause disease in healthy immuno-competent individuals as high percentage all the time

A

True pathogens

50
Q

only cause disease when the immune system is compromised

A

Opportunists

51
Q

opportunistic batera for patient w/ cystic fribrosis

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

52
Q

Harbors the organism but do not present symptoms; only transmit

A

Carriers

53
Q

Carrier state that is short-lived or transient

A

acute

54
Q

Carrier state that last for months, years, or permanently

A

chronic

55
Q

Objects or inanimate objects that are contaminated with the infectious agents

A

Fomites

56
Q

Objects or inanimate objects that transmit the disease as a result of contact

A

Fomites

57
Q

animal diseases that can infect humans and are transmitted through animal contact

A

Zoonoses

58
Q

infection that occurs as the result of medical treatment or procedures

A

Iatrogenic Infection

59
Q

relative ability of a microorganism to cause disease or the degree of pathogenicity measured by the numbers of microorganisms necessary to cause infection in the host.

A

Virulence

60
Q

Refers to the various mechanism that the organism use to persist in the host and cause disease

A

Virulence Factors

bacteriolgy (13 decks)

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