lecture Neurotransmitters

Question 1

What is the difference between ionotropic and metabotropic neurotransmitters?

Answer 1

An example of an iontropic neurotransmitter is the ligand-gated ion channels.
An example of a metabotropic neurotransmitter receptor is the G-protein-coupled receptor

Question 2

What is the function of an ionotropic neurotransmitter?

Question 3

What is the function of a metabotropic neurotransmitter?

Question 4

name the different classes of neurotransmitters

Question 5

What is the function of second messengers?

Answer 5

These are molecules that amplify the signal and trigger an intracellular response

Question 6

Name the functions of acetylcholine? (3)

Answer 6

1. decreased rate and force of contraction in the heart muscle cell
2. contraction in the skeletal muscle cell
3. secretion in the salivary gland cell

Question 7

How does the G-protein-coupled receptor work?

Answer 7

The inactive GPCR gets activated by a signal molcule. Activation exchanges GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit

Question 8

GABA is produced from which substance?

Answer 8

Glutamate

Question 9

How does alcohol work, in the sense of suppressing?

Answer 9

Alcohol case a prolonged opening or more frequent opening of the GABA-A receptor. The GABA-A receptor suppresses neuronal activity. GABA mediated the most inhibitory connections in the brain

Question 10

Monoamine receptors only have ligand-gated ion channels or only G-protein-coupled receptors

Answer 10

Monoamine receptors only have G-protein-coupled receptors

Question 11

Tell the difference between paracrine, synaptic and endocrine signalling

Answer 11

paracrine is the communication that place from cell to cell
synaptic is from one synapse to the other
Endocrine signaling takes place through the blood stream