Lecture Part 2

Question 1

After a glucose molecule is absorbed, describe all of the possible things it can be used for:

Answer 1

• 325g as muscle glycogen, and an additional 100g in liver
• 20g of blood glucose at 70-110 mg/dL
  Can be used immediately, stored as glycogen in liver and muscles, or converted into fat for long-term storage.

Question 2

Describe the general stages of cellular respiration and where each stage takes place.

Answer 2

Glycolysis (cytoplasm), the Krebs cycle/citric acid cycle (mitochondria), electron transport chain (mitochondria).

Question 3

Gluconeogenesis: (and where does this occur?)

Answer 3

(Liver anemia Kidneys)
The process of creating glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like lactate, glycerol, and amino acids (fats and proteins)

A way to maintain blood sugar levels when you’re not getting enough glucose from your diet.

Question 4

Glycogenesis:

Answer 4

Glucose to glycogen primarily occurring in liver and muscle cells.

Question 5

Glycogenolysis:

Answer 5

Glycogen to glucose, primarily in liver and skeletal muscles.
Happens mostly during physical exertion or stress.

Question 6

Why would glycogen form? Where is it stored?

Answer 6

Excess glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in the liver and muscles primarily, and is used later when blood glucose levels decline.