Lecture: Primary Hemostasis

Question 1

Complex physiologic process that keeps circulating blood in a fluid state

Answer 1

Hemostasis

Question 2

Systems of Hemostasis

Answer 2

Vasculature
Platelets
Clot Formation
Fibrinolytic

Question 3

Characteristics of blood vessels

Answer 3

Vessels should be intact, integrity, flexible and elastic so that
blood can easily flow

Question 4

It is activated by desquamation and small injuries to blood vessels; rapid, short-lived response; involves tunica intima and platelets

Answer 4

Primary Hemostasis

Question 5

It is activated by large injuries to blood vessels and surrounding tissues; delayed, long-term response; involves platelets and coagulation factors

Answer 5

Secondary Hemostasis

Question 6

During damaged vessel or low blood pressure, blood vessels constrict or dilate?

Answer 6

Constrict

Question 7

During high blood pressure, blood vessels constrict or dilate?

Answer 7

Dilate

Question 8

Innermost layer; Separates or give the barrier from platelets to the subendothelium containing collagen; Source of VWF

Answer 8

Tunica Intima

Question 9

Middle layer; Smooth muscle and connective tissue are found

Answer 9

Tunica Media

Question 10

Outermost layer; Makes your blood vessels intact, flexible and elastic; Connective tissue and collagen are present

Answer 10

Tunica Adventitia

Question 11

inhibits platelet activation and
aggregation

Answer 11

Nitric oxide

Question 12

Mediator (enhancer) of platelet
aggregation

Answer 12

Thromboxane

Question 13

Prevents platelet aggregation; Derived from phospholipid layer of endothelial cells

Answer 13

Prostacyclin

Question 14

Naturally-occurring anticoagulant; heparin inhibits thrombin

Answer 14

Heparan sulfate

Question 15

Counteract thrombin by absorbing
thrombin

Answer 15

Thrombomodulin

Question 16

Exposure of collagen results to what process?

Answer 16

Platelet activation

Question 17

Monitor vessel linings for small holes or gaps, platelets plug holes without activation of coagulation system

Answer 17

Passive Surveillance

Question 18

Blood vessels contract to seal the
wound or reduce the blood flow

Answer 18

Vasoconstriction

Question 19

Refers to the role of blood vessels and platelets in the initial response to a vascular injury or to the commonplace
desquamation of dying or damaged endothelial cells.

Answer 19

Primary Hemostasis

Question 20

VWF binds platelets through their _ membrane receptor

Answer 20

Gp Ib/IX/V

Question 21

Major interaction is the binding of platelet receptor glycoprotein Ib/IX/V to VWF, which binds to _

Answer 21

Collagen

Question 22

VWF is stored in _ in platelets and _ in endothelial cells.

Answer 22

α-granules
Weibel-Palade bodies

Question 23

VWF Receptor Sites

Answer 23

Gp Ib/IX/V
Gp IIb/IIIa
Collagen
Factor VIII

Question 24

Collagen, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thrombin, epinephrine, thromboxane A2, arachidonic acid are all examples of?

Answer 24

Platelet agonists

Question 25

Large surface available for biochemical reactions in secondary hemostasis

Answer 25

Phospholipid orientation

Question 26

Gp IIb/IX/V on surface increase in number of Gp IIb/IIIa receptors on surface

Answer 26

Receptor expression

Question 27

Loose aggregation, reversible if stimulus is not sufficient

Answer 27

Primary Platelet Aggregation

Question 28

Irreversible provided sufficient stimulus; occurs after internal ADP release, TXA2 synthesis and release, further stimulation

Answer 28

Secondary Platelet Aggregation

Question 29

Factor V, VWF, Factor VIII, and fibrinogen are all example of?

Answer 29

Procoagulants

Question 30

Substance for contact activation of intrinsic coagulation pathway

Answer 30

HMWK - High Molecular Weight Kininogen

Question 31

Substance that is converted into fibrin for clot formation

Answer 31

Fibrinogen

Question 32

Cofactor in fibrin clot formation

Answer 32

Factor V

Question 33

Assists platelet adhesion to subendothelium to provide coagulation surface

Answer 33

Factor VIII: vWF

Question 34

Dense granule substances that promote aggregation

Answer 34

ADP Calcium

Question 35

Alpha granule substances that promote aggregation

Answer 35

PF4 Thrombospondin

Question 36

Dense granule substance that promotes vasoconstriction at site of injury

Answer 36

Serotonin

Question 37

Membrane phospholipid progenitor that promotes vasoconstriction at site of injury

Answer 37

TxA2 Precursors

Question 38

Promotes smooth muscle cell growth for vessel repair

Answer 38

PDGF

Question 39

Chemotactic for fibroblasts to help in vessel repair

Answer 39

Beta-thromboglobulin

Question 40

Precursor to plasmin which induces clot lysis

Answer 40

Plasminogen

Question 41

Major inhibitor of plasmin; inhibits clot lysis

Answer 41

Alpha 2-antiplasmin

Question 42

Complement system inhibitor

Answer 42

C1 esterase inhibitor

Question 43

Regulates fibrin formation via protein C pathway

Answer 43

Protein S

Question 44

Regulates fibrin formation by inhibiting tissue factor complex

Answer 44

TFPI (Tissue factor pathway inhibitor)

Question 45

Negative regulator of platelet activation; inhibits protein kinase which inhibits aggregation

Answer 45

CAMP

Question 46

Inhibitor of fibrinolysis

Answer 46

PAI-1 (Plasminogen activator inhibitor 10