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Hematology 2 > Lecture: Secondary Hemostasis > Flashcards

Lecture: Secondary Hemostasis Flashcards

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1
Q

Describes the activation of a series of coagulation proteins in the plasma, mostly serine proteases, to form a fibrin clot

A

Secondary Hemostasis

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2
Q

These proteins circulate as inactive _ that become activated during the process of coagulation

A

Zymogens (proenzymes)

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3
Q

Enzyme that converts fibrinogen to a localized fibrin clot

A

Thrombin

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4
Q

The gradual digestion and removal of the fibrin clot as healing occurs.

A

Fibrinolysis

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5
Q

The purpose of coagulation system is _

A

To generate the key thrombin enzyme and produce fibrin

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6
Q

Inactive precursors of coagulation factors; serves as substrates for previous enzymatic reaction in the coagulation cascade

A

Coagulation Factors / Zymogens / Enzyme Precursors

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7
Q

How many clotting factors does the coagulation system have?

A

14

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8
Q

What Roman numeral is not included in the naming of the coagulation system?

A

VI

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9
Q

Activated enzymatic factors; cleaves peptide bonds; no biologic activity

A

Serine proteases

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10
Q

All coagulation factors are serine proteases upon activation except _ and _

A

Factor XIII
Fibrinogen

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11
Q

Clotting Factor _ is the only transaminase

A

XIII

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12
Q

What coagulation factors are included in the serine proteases group?

A

Clotting Factors:
II
VII
IX
X
XI
XII

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13
Q

Clotting factors included in the procoagulant factor group

A

Clotting Factors:
III / Tissue factor
V
VIII
HMWK

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14
Q

HMWK means _

A

High-molecular weight kininogen

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15
Q

Transmembrane receptor for factor VIIa

A

Tissue Factor / Factor III

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16
Q

Factor _ is a cofactor to Xa in the prothrombinase complex in coagulation

A

Va

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17
Q

Produced primarily by hepatocytes; cofactor to Factor IX to form intrinsic tenase complex

A

Clotting Factor VIII

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18
Q

During coagulation, _ cleaves Factor VIII from VWF

A

Thrombin

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19
Q

Binds to activated platelets and forms the intrinsic tenase complex with factor IXa and Ca / phospholipid

A

Clotting Factor VIIIa

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20
Q

Cofactor to Factor XIIa and prekallikrein in the intrinsic contact factor complex

A

HMWK

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21
Q

HMWK is a mechanism for activating coagulation in conditions where foreign objects such as _, _ and _

A

Mechanical heart valves
Bacterial membranes
High levels of inflammation

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22
Q

Thrombin cofactor; activates protein C which inactivates Factor V

A

Thrombomodulin

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23
Q

Cofactors in the regulation and control of coagulation

A

Protein S and Z

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24
Q

Only clotting factor in the substrate group

A

Factor I / Fibrinogen

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25
Clotting factors included in Fibrinogen group
Clotting Factors: I V VIII XIII
26
Coagulation (procoagulant portion); low MW portion of CF VIII
Factor VIII: C
27
Should be carried by VWF to be stable; platelet adhesion; VFW – arise from endothelial cells or megakaryocyte
Factor VIII: VWF
28
Functions in the immunologic activity of Factor VIII complex
Factor VIIIR: Ag (Related Antigen)
29
Important in platelet aggregation in Factor VIII complex
Factor VIIIR: RCo (Related Ristocetin)
30
All coagulation factors are synthesized in the liver except for
Factor III and IV
31
Serine proteases are also known as _
Serpins
32
A non-enzymatic cofactor that allows binding of coagulation factors to platelet surface
Calcium
33
Clotting factors included in the Prothrombin group
Clotting Factors: II VII IX X
34
Helps in binding of coagulation factors to calcium; produce functional coagulation factors
Vitamin K gammacarboxylation of glutamic acid
35
Prothrombin group is inhibited by oral anticoagulant such as:
Coumadin Warfarin
36
Clotting Factors included in the Contact group
Clotting Factors: XI XII PK HMWK
37
_ transforms pre-K, a glycoprotein that circulates bound to HMWK, into its active form
Factor XIIa
38
PK stands for _
Pre-kallikrein
39
Activated PK is known as _
Kallikrein
40
Kallikrein cleaves HMWK to form
Bradykinin
41
The contact factor complex activates _
Factor XI
42
Contact factor complex consists of
HMWK - Pre-K - Factor XIIa
43
Factor XIa is an activator of _
Factor IX
44
Contact group reacts to _, _, and _ in vivo
Collagen Valve prostheses Bacterial cell membrane
45
Contact group reacts to _, _ and _ in vitro
Kaolin Glass Tube Ellagic acid
46
Extrinsic Pathway: _ bind to tissue factor in the presence of calcium to form the _
VII and VIIa VIIa-tissue factor complex
47
VIIa-tissue factor complex is also known as _
Extrinsic tenase complex
48
Factors involved in the extrinsic pathway
III and VII (IV - Calcium)
49
Deficiency of XI is associated with_ in _ of individuals
Bleeding abnormalities Approximately 50%
50
Intrinsic pathway is dependent on calcium. True or False?
False, it is not dependent on calcium
51
Factors involved in the intrinsic pathway
VIII, IX, XI, XII, PK, HMWK
52
Factors involved in the common pathway
Factors I, II, V, X
53
Extrinsic Tenase Complex involves what factors?
VIIa, Tissue factor / III, PF3, Calcium
54
Intrinsic Tenase complex involves what factors?
IXa, VIIIa, PF3, Calcium
55
Prothrombinase complex involves what factors?
Xa, Va, PF3 and Calcium
56
Extrinsic Tenase complex activates what factors?
IX and X
57
Intrinsic Tenase complex activates what factors?
X
58
Prothrombinase complex activates what factors?
Prothrombin (II)
59
Thrombin binds to _ activates the _ to suppress coagulation
Thrombomodulin Protein C pathway
60
Low levels of thrombin enhances what factors?
Factors V and VIII
61
Primary substrate of thrombin
Fibrinogen
62
Factor I is also known as _
Fibrinogen
63
Factor II is also known as _
Prothrombin Prethrombin
64
Factor III is also known as _
Tissue Factor Tissue Thromboplastin
65
Factor IV is also known as _
Calcium
66
Factor V is also known as _
Proaccelerin Labile Factor Accelerator Globulin (acG)
67
Factor VII is also known as _
Proconvertin Stable Factor Serum Prothrombin Conversion Accelerator (SPCA)
68
Factor VIII is also known as _
Antihemophilic Factor Antihemophilic Globulin Antihemophilic Factor A Platelet Cofactor I
69
Factor IX is also known as _
Platelet Thromboplastin Component Christmas Factor Antihemophilic Factor B Platelet Cofactor II
70
Factor X is also known as _
Stuart-Prower Factor Stuart Factor Prower Factor Autoprothrombin III
71
Factor XI is also known as _
Plasma Thromboplastin Antecedent Antihemophilic Factor C
72
Factor XII is also known as _
Hageman Factor Glass Factor Contact Factor
73
Factor XIII is also known as _
Fibrin-stabilizing Factor Laki-Lorand Factor Fibrinase Plasma Transglutase Fibrinoligase
74
Pre-kallikrein (PK) is also known as _
Fletcher Factor
75
High-Molecular Weight Kininogen (HMWK) is also known as _
Fritzgerald Factor Contact Activation Factor Williams Factor Flaujeac Factor
76
Primary Regulators of Coagulation
Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Antithrombin Protein C
77
Disease related to deficiency of coagulation regulators
Venous Thromboembolic Disease (VTD)
78
Principal inhibitor of extrinsic tenase complex and Factor X
TFPI
79
TFPI is a cofactor for _
Protein S
80
Reverts thrombin function from procoagulant to anticoagulant
Protein C
81
Protein C is activated when thrombin binds with _
Thrombomodulin
82
Protein C is a cofactor to _
Protein S
83
Activated Protein C and Protein S complex inhibits
Factor V and VIII
84
Inhibits IIa, IX, X, XI, XII and PK
Antithrombin
85
_ is the cofactor for antithrombin
Heparin
86
Platelets helps in coagulation cascade and supplies: _, _ and _
Procoagulant Factors Calcium ADP
87
Platelet is essential as binding site because this where coagulation factors bind for fibrin formation. True or False?
True
88
Regulates/inhibit coagulation by forming complex with thrombin; does not elicit action
Alpha-2-macroglobulin
89
Inhibits extrinsic tenase complex; VIIa and TF/III – XIIIa (ITC)
Extrinsic Pathway Inhibitor (EPI)
90
EPI or Extrinsic Pathway Inhibitor is also known as _
LACI or lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor
91
Inhibits thrombin, Xa, XIa
Alpha-1-antitrypsin
92
Inactivates/inhibits kallikrein (activated form of PK)
C1 Inhibitor

Hematology 2 (6 decks)

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