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NCLEX Review > Lecture six- PHARMACOLOGY > Flashcards

Lecture six- PHARMACOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

5 drug toxicities

A
  1. Lithium
  2. Digoxin/Lanoxin
  3. Aminophylline
  4. Dilantin/phenotoyin
  5. Billirubin
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2
Q

Lithium tx

A

antimania/bipolar

therapeutic lvl .6-1.2

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3
Q

lithium toxicity is

A

> 2

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4
Q

Lanoxin/digoxin purpose and therapeutic range

A

afib/chf

therapeutic lvl 1-2

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5
Q

Digoxin toxicity

A

> 2

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6
Q

Aminophylline purpose and therapeutic range

A

relieves airway spasms

therapeutic lvl 10-20

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7
Q

Aminophylline toxicity

A

≥20

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8
Q

Dilantin/fenatoid purpose and therapeutic range

A

seizures

terapeutic lvl 10-20

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9
Q

Dilantin/fenatoid toxicity

A

≥20

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10
Q

Billirubin in newborns elevated lvl

A

10-20

≥20 toxic

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11
Q

if a newborns billi is 14-15 bring them to the

A

hospital

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12
Q

kernicterus

A

billirubin in brain lvl 20

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13
Q

apistotonus

A

position bby assumes when billi is too high in brain; hyperextension; heels to ears

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14
Q

apistotonus positon ix

A

place on side

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15
Q

pathologic jaundice is

A

bad first 24hrs

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16
Q

physiologic jaundice is

A

okay 48-72hrs q birth

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17
Q

dumping syndrome

A

usually follows a gastric surgery; stomach contents dump into jejunum
gastric contents move in right direction but wrong rate (too fas)

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18
Q

dumping syndrome ss

A

drunk in shock, acute abdominal distress, cramps, guarding, borborigmi, diarrhea

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19
Q

dumping syndrome tx

A

eat flat on side, decrease fluids w meals, decrease carbs, increase protein

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20
Q

carbs and proteins are

A

opposites

21
Q

hiatal hernia

A

regurgitation of acid into esophagus due to upper part of stomach herniating into diaphragm
gastric contents move in the wrong direction at correct rate

22
Q

hiatal hernia ss

A

GERD heartburn/indigestion

23
Q

hiatal hernia tx

A

raise hob during and after meals, increase fluids w meals, increase carbs, decrease proteins

24
Q

kalemias do the same as the prefix except for

A

heartrate and urine output

25
Q

hyperkalemia

A

high K+

HR low, urine output low

26
Q

hypokalemia

A

low K+

HR high, urine output high

27
Q

K+ lvl

A

3.5-5.0

28
Q

Hyperkalemia ss

A

agitation, restless, tachypnea, bradycardia, peaked T & ST waves, borborigomi, diarrhea, muscle spasms, +3+4 reflexes

29
Q

Hypokalemia ss

A

decreased loc, tachycardia, bradypnea, constipation, flaccid muscles, +1 reflexes

30
Q

clonus is

A

irritability

31
Q

obtundant is

A

lethargic;severe

32
Q

calcemias do the opposite of the

A

prefix

33
Q

hypercalcemia

A

everything low

34
Q

hypocalcemia

A

everything high

35
Q

hypocalcemia ss

A

chvostek sign

trousseaus sign

36
Q

chvostek sign

A

tap cheek and assess ofr facial spasm=+

37
Q

trousseaus sign

A

inflate bp cuff and assess for hand spasm=+

38
Q

magnesimias do opposite of

A

prefix

39
Q

hypermagnesia everything goes

A

down

40
Q

hypomagnesia everything goes

A

up

41
Q

in a tie between electrolytes on a question usually dont pick

A

magnesium

42
Q

if the question focuses on muscles/nerves its prob

A

calcium

anything else k+

43
Q

tetany

A

muscle contractions/spasms

44
Q

dehydration is associated with

A

hypernatremia

admin iv fluids

45
Q

fluid vol overload is associated with

A

hyponatremia

fluid restriction/lasix

46
Q

earliest sign of an electrolyte imbal

A

numbness/tingling
circamural paresthesia around lips
paresis muscle weakness

47
Q

K+ tx tips

A

never push iv

no more than 40 k+ in one liter of iv fluids

48
Q

how to lower k+

A

admin d5w w reg insulin (fast but temporary)

kexalate; full of Na+ and causes K+ to exit through bowels

49
Q

Na+ and K+ balance

A

eachother

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