lecture two Flashcards
(15 cards)
What are the four traits that define modern democracy?
- Free and fair elections
- Civil liberties
- Rule of law
- Responsible government
Can a regime be democratic if only one attribute is missing?
Not fully; missing any key trait can compromise democratic integrity.
What is the main difference between the president of a parliamentary and a presidential democracy?
In parliamentary systems, the president is ceremonial, while the prime minister holds power. In presidential systems, the president holds executive power.
What distinguishes majoritarian from consensus democracy?
Majoritarian focuses on majority rule and efficiency; consensus emphasizes inclusivity and broad agreement.
Are theories of democratization useful in explaining democratic breakdowns?
Yes, they help identify institutional weaknesses, elite behavior, civil society decline, and external factors.
Why do democracies emerge in waves?
Due to inspiration, global events, technology, economic/social factors, international support, and shared learning.
Is presidential or parliamentary democracy better for new democracies?
It depends on context. Parliamentary systems may offer more flexibility and accountability, while presidential systems offer stability and direct accountability.
What are the advantages of consensus democracy?
Inclusivity, stability, long-term planning, social cohesion.
What are the disadvantages of consensus democracy?
Slow decisions, compromises, stagnation, inequality of influence.
What are the advantages of majoritarian democracy?
Efficiency, clear accountability, strong government, clear mandates.
What are the disadvantages of majoritarian democracy?
Marginalization, polarization, lack of representation, short-term focus.
What conditions create the worst environment for democracy?
Economic crisis, inequality, social division, weak rule of law, civil liberty erosion, polarization, authoritarian influence.
Which factor is most important for democracy’s survival?
Strong democratic institutions: rule of law, accountability, rights protection, electoral integrity.
Give 3 reasons to grant resident aliens the right to vote.
- Taxation without representation
- Encourages integration
- Policies affect them too
Give 3 reasons to deny resident aliens the right to vote.
- Voting as a citizenship right
- National interest and loyalty
- Legal/administrative challenges
