Leg

Question 1

Extensor digitorum longus L4-5, S1

Answer 1

ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral tibial condyle, proximal 3/4th of the fibula and crural interosseous membrane to the dorsal digital expansions of toes 2-5

ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and extends digits 2-5 (IP & MP)

INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve

Question 2

Extensor hallucis longus L4-5, S1

Answer 2

ATTACHMENTS- from the middle 1/2 of the fibular surface & crural interosseous membrane to the distal phalangeal base of the 1st toe

ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and extends great toe (MP & IP)

INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve

Question 3

Fibularis (peroneus) tertius L4-5, S1

Answer 3

ATTACHMENTS- from the distal fibula and crural interosseous membrane to the base of the 5th metatarsal

ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and everts foot

INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve

Question 4

Tibialis anterior L4-5, S1

Answer 4

ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral condyle and proximal 2/3rds of the tibia’s lateral surface & crural interosseous membrane to the medial cuneiform & adjacent 1st metatarsal

ACTIONS- dorsiflexes ankle, and inverts foot

INNERVATION- deep fibular nerve

Question 5

Fibularis (peroneus) longus L4-5, S1

Answer 5

ATTACHMENTS- from the head & proximal 2/3rds of the fibula to the lateral aspects of the 1st metatarsal & adjacent medial cuneiform

ACTIONS- everts foot, plantar flexes ankle, and depresses 1st metatarsal head

INNERVATION- superficial fibular nerve

Question 6

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis L4-5, S1

Answer 6

ATTACHMENTS- from the distal 2/3rds of the fibula to the lateral base of the 5th metatarsal

ACTIONS- everts foots, plantar flexes ankle

INNERVATION- superficial fibular nerve

Question 7

Flexor digitorum longus L5, S1-2

Answer 7

ATTACHMENTS- from the posterior tibia distal to the soleal line to the plantar surface of the distal phalangeal bases

ACTIONS- plantar flexes ankle, and flexes digits 2-5 (MP & IP)

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

Question 8

Flexor hallucis longus L5, S1-2

Answer 8

ATTACHMENTS- from the distal 2/3rds of the posterior fibular surface & crural interosseous membrane to the plantar aspect of the distal phalangeal base of the 1st toe

ACTIONS- plantar flexes ankle, and flexes great toe (MP & IP)

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

Question 9

Gastrocnemius S1-2

Answer 9

ATTACHMENTS- from the posterior aspect of the femoral condyles and joint capsule to the posterior calcaneal surface

ACTIONS- flexes knee, and plantar flexes ankle

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

Question 10

Plantaris L4-5, S1

Answer 10

ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral supracondylar line to the posterior calcaneal surface

ACTIONS- flexes knee, and plantar flexes ankle

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

Question 11

Popliteus L4-5, S1

Answer 11

ATTACHMENTS- from the lateral femoral condyle and oblique popliteal ligament to the soleal line of the tibia

ACTIONS- in NWB, medial rotation of tibia and knee flexion; in WB insertion is fixed: lateral rotation of femur and knee flexion; thus, it unlocks the knee from extension into early flexion

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

Question 12

Soleus L5, S1-2

Answer 12

ATTACHMENTS- from the posterior aspect of the head & proximal 1/4th of the fibula & tibial soleal line to the posterior calcaneal surface

ACTIONS- plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

Question 13

Tibialis posterior L4-5, S1

Answer 13

ATTACHMENTS- from the crural interosseous membrane, lateral tibial surface & medial fibular surface to the navicular, medial & intermediate cuneiforms and bases of metatarsals 2-4

ACTIONS- inverts foot and plantar flexes ankle

INNERVATION- tibial nerve

Question 14

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 14

tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius

Question 15

What actions do the anterior comparment of the leg do?

Answer 15

ankle dorsiflexion
ankle inversion
toe extension

ankle eversion IF the peroneus tertius could be isolated

Question 16

What innervates the anterior comparment of the leg?

Answer 16

deep fibular n

Question 17

What is the blood supply of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 17

anterior tibial a

Question 18

Which muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 18

fibularis longus

fibularis brevis

Question 19

what are the actions of the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 19

ankle eversion

ankle plantar flexion

Question 20

What innervates the lateral comparment of the leg?

Answer 20

superficial fibular n

Question 21

What is the blood supply to the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 21

fibular a

Question 22

Which muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg? superficial

Answer 22

gastrocnemius
soleus
plantaris

Question 23

what are the actions of the posterior compartment of the leg?superficial

Answer 23

ankle plantar flexion

knee flexion

Question 24

What innervates the posterior compartment of the leg? superficial

Answer 24

tibial n

Question 25

What is the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg? superficial

Answer 25

posterior tibial a

Question 26

Which muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg? deep

Answer 26

popilteus flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus tibialis posterior

Question 27

what are the actions of the posterior compartment of the leg? deep

Answer 27

ankle plantar flexion, inversion toe flexion knee flexion

Question 28

What innervates the posterior compartment of the leg? deep

Answer 28

tibial n

Question 29

What is the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg? deep

Answer 29

posterior tibial a

Question 30

Explain the course of the tibial n

Answer 30

- joins with popliteal a and v - continues on with posterior tibial a - gives off sural n - splits into lateral and medial plantar nerves in foot

Question 31

Explain the course of the deep fibular n

Answer 31

- approches interosseus membrane - between tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus - descends w anterior tibial a

Question 32

Explain the course of the superficial fibular n

Answer 32

- begins at bifurcation of common fibular n - supplies fibularis longus and brevis - emerges and cutaneous branch

Question 33

Explain the course of the common fibular n

Answer 33

- deep to proximal fibularis longus - curves lateral to neck of fibula - splits deep to fibularis longus - prone to injury

Question 34

Where is the superior extensor reinaculum?

Answer 34

- distal tibia to distal fibula | - holds tendons of anterior compartment in place

Question 35

Where is the inferior extensor retinaculum?

Answer 35

- calcaneous to navicular and medial malleolus | - stabilize and maintain position of extensor tendons of anterior compartment

Question 36

Where is the superior fibular retinaculum?

Answer 36

lateral malleolus to calcaneus - stabilizes superior to ankle joint - can injure with severe ankle sprain

Question 37

Where is the inferior fibular retinaculum?

Answer 37

- inferior extensor retinaculum to calcaneous - prevents movement of tendons in lateral compartment-fibularis longus and brevis - can injure with severe ankle sprain - tendons begin to sublux over fibula

Question 38

What is crural fascia?

Answer 38

- Covers entire region - gives off deep thickening called retinaculum - retinaculum provide stability to tendons in ankle region

Question 39

What separates the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg?

Answer 39

Anterior crural intermuscular septum

Question 40

What separates the lateral and posterior compartments of the leg?

Answer 40

Posterior crural intermuscular septum

Question 41

What separates the superficial and deep posterior compartments of the leg?

Answer 41

Transverse intermuscular septum

Question 42

What are the common spinal cord segments of the anterior and lateral leg muscles?

Answer 42

L4-S1

Question 43

What dermatome is associated with the 1st toe?

Answer 43

L4

Question 44

What dermatome is associated with the 5th toe?

Answer 44

S1

Question 45

What dermatome is associated with the heel?

Answer 45

S2

Question 46

What does the sural nerve branch off of?

Answer 46

Tibial n

Question 47

What does the tibial nerve run with?

Answer 47

Popliteal artery and vein and then continues on with posterior tibial artery.

Question 48

Superficial fibular nerve supplies what two muscles?

Answer 48

Fibularis longus and brevis.

Question 49

What are the common spinal cord segments for the Anterior and Lateral leg muscles?

Answer 49

L4-S1

Question 50

What are the common spinal cord segments for flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and soleus?

Answer 50

L5-S2

Question 51

What are the common spinal cord segments for gastrocnemius?

Answer 51

S1-2

Question 52

What are the common spinal cord segments for plantaris, popliteus, and tibialis posterior?

Answer 52

L4-S1