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Leg Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

Anterior compartment of leg boundaries

A

Anterior: skin and fascia
Medial: lateral surface of tibia
Posterior: interosseous membrane
Lateral: anterior intermuscular septum

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2
Q

4 muscles of anterior compartment of leg

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallicis longus
Peroneus tertius

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3
Q

Nerve of the anterior compartment of leg

A

Deep peroneal

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4
Q

Artery of anterior compartment of leg

A

Anterior tibial

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5
Q

Tibialis anterior origin

A

Superior 1/2 of lateral tibia and interosseous membrane

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6
Q

Tibialis anterior insertion

A

Medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

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7
Q

Tibialis anterior actions

A

Dorsiflexes ankle

Inverts foot at subtalar joint

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8
Q

Extensor digitorum longus origin

A

Lateral condyle of tibia, superior 1/2 of medial fibula and interosseous membrane

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9
Q

Extensor digitorum longus insertion

A

Middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

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10
Q

Extensor digitorum longus actions

A

Extends toes

Dorsiflexes ankle

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11
Q

Extensor hallucis longus origin

A

Middle anterior fibula and interosseous membrane

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12
Q

Extensor hallucis longus insertion

A

Base of distal phalanx of great toe

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13
Q

Extensor hallucis longus actions

A

Extends great toe

Dorsiflexes ankle

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14
Q

Peroneus tertius origin

A

Inferior 1/3 of anterior fibula and interosseous membrane

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15
Q

Peroneus tertius insertion

A

Base of 5th metatarsal

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16
Q

Peroneus tertius actions

A

Dorsiflexes ankle

Everts foot at subtalar joint

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17
Q

2 muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg

A

Peroneus longus

Peroneus brevis

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18
Q

Lateral component of the leg nerve supply

A

Superficial peroneal nerve

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19
Q

Peroneus longus origin

A

Superior 2/3 of lateral fibula

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20
Q

Peroneus longus insertion

A

Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

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21
Q

Peroneus longus actions

A

Everts foot

Plantarflexes

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22
Q

Peroneus brevis origin

A

Inferior 2/3 of lateral fibula

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23
Q

Peroneus brevis insertion

A

Base of 5th metatarsal

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24
Q

Peroneus brevis actions

A

Everts foot

Plantarflexes

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25
Superior extensor retinaculum
Band of deep fascia passing from tibia to fibula superior to malleoli Binds down tendons of anterior compartment of the leg and prevents bowstringing
26
Inferior extensor retinaculum
Y shaped band of deep fascia with a lateral attachment to upper surface of calcaneus and a medial attachment to the medial malleolus and plantar aponeurosis
27
Superior peroneal retinaculum
Attached above to lateral malleolus and below to lateral surface of calcaneus
28
Inferior peroneal retinaculum
Continuous in front with cruciate crural ligament and attached behind to lateral surface of calcaneus
29
Malleoli
Bony prominences either side of the ankle
30
Calcaneus
Heel bone
31
Subtalar joint
A joint of the foot between the talus and calcaneus
32
Cruciate crural ligament
Another name for the inferior extensor retinaculum
33
7 key bones of the ankle/heel/foot
``` Talus (ankle) Calcaneus (heel) Navicular Cuboid 3 cuneiforms (lateral, intermediate and medial) ```
34
The sciatic nerve arises from:
L4 - S3
35
Two terminal branches of the sciatic nerve
Tibial nerve | Common peroneal nerve
36
The sciatic nerve divides into its terminal branches in the:
Posterior thigh
37
Two divisions of the common peroneal nerve
Deep peroneal nerve | Superficial peroneal nerve
38
The common peroneal nerve exits the ________ ______ laterally
Popliteal fossa
39
The deep peroneal nerve travels with:
The anterior tibial artery
40
The femoral artery becomes the popliteal artery:
As it enters the superior aspect of the popliteal fossa
41
After the popliteal artery exits the fossa inferiorly it divides into:
The anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery
42
The anterior tibial artery at the ankle becomes the:
Dorsalis pedis artery
43
3 key branches of the dorsalis pedis artery
Deep plantar Lateral tarsal Arcuate
44
The posterior tibial artery at the ankle becomes the:
Medial and lateral plantar arteries
45
2 dorsal foot muscles
Extensor digitorum brevis | Extensor hallucis brevis
46
Nerve supply of dorsal foot muscles
Deep peroneal nerve
47
Origin of dorsal foot muscles
Calcaneous and inferior extensor retinaculum
48
Extensor digitorum brevis insertion
Middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes
49
Extensor hallucis brevis insertion
Base of proximal phalanx of great toe
50
Dorsal foot muscle actions
Toe extension
51
Popliteal fossa
Diamond shaped space behind the knee through which many structures pass on their way from the thigh to the leg
52
Superior lateral margin of popliteal fossa
Biceps femoris
53
Superior medial margin of popliteal fossa
Semimembranosus and semitendonosus
54
Inferior margin of popliteal fossa
Medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius
55
4 contents of popliteal fossa
Popliteal artery Popliteal vein Tibial nerve Common peroneal nerves
56
Arterial tree of leg from aorta to dorsalis pedis
``` Aorta Right common peroneal Femoral Popliteal (continuation of femoral) Anterior tibial Dorsalis pedis ```
57
Arterial tree of leg from aorta to peroneal artery
``` Aorta Left common peroneal Femoral Popliteal Posterior tibial Peroneal ```
58
Order of position in ankle from medial malleolus to calcaneus
Tom, Dick And Very Naughty Harry ``` Tibialis posterior flexor Digitorum longus posterior tibial Artery posterior tibial Vein posterior tibial Nerve flexor Hallucis longus ```
59
3 superficial muscles of posterior compartment of leg
Gastrocnemius Solues Plantaris
60
Gastrocnemius origin
Medial and lateral condyles of the femur (for medial and lateral heads respectively)
61
Gastrocnemius insertion
Post calcaneus via Achilles Tendon
62
Gastrocnemius actions
Plantarflexes ankle and flexes knee
63
Soleus origin
Proximal tibia and proximal fibula
64
Soleus insertion
Post calcaneus via Achilles Tendon
65
Soleus action
Plantarflexes ankle
66
Plantaris origin
Superior to lateral head of gastrocnemius on femur
67
Plantaris insertion
Medial side of Achilles Tendon
68
Plantaris action
Plantarflexes ankle
69
Innervation of posterior compartment of leg
Tibial branch of sciatic nerve - this applies to both superficial and deep muscles
70
Achilles tendon insertion
Calcaneus
71
Achilles tendon purpose
Ankle plantarflexion | Injury to Achilles tendon presents as ability to push off from ground
72
Triceps surae
Medial head of gastrocnemius Lateral head of gastrocnemius Soleus
73
4 deep muscles of posterior compartment of leg
Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Popliteus
74
Tibialis posterior origin
Posterior tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane
75
Tibialis posterior insertion
Navicular bone of ankle
76
Tibialis posterior actions
Plantarflexes ankle | Inverts foot
77
Flexor digitorum longus origin
Middle tibia
78
Flexor digitorum longus insertion
Distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes
79
Flexor digitorum longus actions
Flexes toes | Plantarflexes ankle
80
Flexor hallucis longus origin
Distal fibula and interosseous membrane
81
Flexor hallucis longus insertion
Distal phalanx of great toe
82
Flexor hallucis longus actions
Flexes great toe | Plantarflexes ankle
83
Popliteus origin
Lateral condyle of the femur and lateral meniscus
84
Popliteus insertion
Posterior tibia
85
Popliteus actions
Medially rotates tibia
86
The main artery of the posterior compartment is:
The posterior tibial artery
87
The two terminal branches of the posterior tibial artery are:
Medial plantar artery and lateral plantar artery
88
Sural nerve
Formed from a branch of the tibial nerve with a branch of the common peroneal nerve Supplies skin to lateral and posterior sides of inferior leg and heel

Musculoskeletal (9 decks)

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